{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:19:41Z","timestamp":1777897181006,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In recognition of the importance of safe and effective pain management, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Office of the Under Secretary for Health have encouraged implementation of opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An OEND program was developed in August 2015 and implemented in September 2015 at a VAMC which allowed for pharmacist-lead individual and group patient education. An OEND consult service was developed to streamline referrals of patients for naloxone education and distribution. At the conclusion of the class, participants were ordered a naloxone auto-injector or nasal spray kit. To evaluate the utility of this quality-improvement initiative, data was collected from September 2015 until May 2016. Examples of data collected included participant satisfaction with education, risk for accidental overdose, and number of naloxone kits dispensed to participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of a total of 243 consults placed, 71 individuals participated in OEND education. A large quantity of consults were discontinued due to patients no-showing education. Sixty-four consult referrals were identified to have a mental health diagnosis. Most participants who received education had a risk for accidental opioid overdose of 14%. Sixty-nine education participants were provided a naloxone kit. Based on the OEND class survey, participants felt that their knowledge of accidental opioid overdose increased and were generally satisfied with the education.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OEND educated 30% of the Veterans referred into the program via the consult service, the majority of whom were at a relatively low risk for opioid overdose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,22]],"date-time":"2018-03-22T14:50:12Z","timestamp":1521730212000},"page":"206-210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Implementation and Evaluation of An Opioid Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (Oend) Program at A Veterans Affairs Medical Center"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Julienne B.","family":"Pauly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Vartan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Palm Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abigail T.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Palm Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Palm Beach, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm655051e1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6501e1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-0038"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.7818"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","volume-title":"Naloxone kits and naloxone autoinjectors: recommendations for issuing naloxone kits and naloxone autoinjectors for the VA Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) Program","author":"Department of Veterans Affairs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Department of Veterans Affairs. Naloxone kits and naloxone autoinjectors: recommendations for issuing naloxone kits and naloxone autoinjectors for the VA Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution (OEND) Program. Veterans Health Administration; August 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","volume-title":"Healthcare inspection \u2013 VA patterns of dispensing take-home opioids and monitoring patients on opioid therapy","author":"Office of Healthcare Inspectors","year":"2014","unstructured":"Office of Healthcare Inspectors. Healthcare inspection \u2013 VA patterns of dispensing take-home opioids and monitoring patients on opioid therapy. Washington, DC: Department of Veterans Affairs Office of the Inspector General; May 2014. Report No. 14-00895-163."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","unstructured":"Injury prevention and control: Opioid overdose. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [webpage]. Available from: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/data\/overdose.html. Accessed August 13 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","volume-title":"Pain management opioid safety: educational guide (2014)","author":"VA academic detailing service","year":"2014","unstructured":"VA academic detailing service. Pain management opioid safety: educational guide (2014). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","volume-title":"VA\/DoD practice guideline for management of opioid therapy for chronic pain","author":"Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Department of Defense (DoD)","year":"2017","unstructured":"Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Department of Defense (DoD). VA\/DoD practice guideline for management of opioid therapy for chronic pain. Washington, DC: Office of quality and performance and the management of opioid therapy for chronic pain working group; May 2017."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Community-based opioid overdose prevention programs providing naloxone \u2013 United States, 2010","volume":"61","author":"Wheeler E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wheeler E, Davidson PJ, Jones TS, Irwin KS. Community-based opioid overdose prevention programs providing naloxone \u2013 United States, 2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(6):101\u20135.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12777"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","article-title":"Validation of a screening risk index for overdose or serious prescription opioid-induced respiratory depression","author":"Zedler B","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zedler B, Saunders W, Joyce A, Vick CC, Murrelle EL. Validation of a screening risk index for overdose or serious prescription opioid-induced respiratory depression. Poster presented at the 31st Am Acad Pain Med annual meeting. MD: National Harbor; Mar 2015.","journal-title":"Poster presented at the 31st Am Acad Pain Med annual meeting"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12480"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.234"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.8071"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.117"}],"container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:50:05Z","timestamp":1777625405000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/08897077.2018.1449174","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-7077","1547-0164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-7077","type":"print"},{"value":"1547-0164","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}}}