{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T12:19:50Z","timestamp":1777897190837,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DA026091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA026091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Substance Abuse"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background:<\/jats:italic>\n                    The extent to which participants in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) resemble their broader target groups is of particular concern when studying stigmatized conditions such as substance use disorders (SUDs). The present study compared patients who enrolled in a 4-arm clinical trial of SBIRT (screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment) with eligible patients who declined study participation.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Participants (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091338) were primary care patients who anonymously completed a computer-delivered health survey and screened positive for heavy\/problem alcohol or drug use. Those who consented to the RCT (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009713) were compared with those who declined (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009625) on a variety of demographic, substance use, and psychosocial characteristics. Variables significant at\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.20 in univariate analyses were then examined using multivariate logistic regression to determine their combined effect.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    The sample was 60% female and 76% African American, with a mean age of 45.2 years. Patients who consented to participate differed from those who declined on 34 (60%) of the 57 variables studied. The most parsimonious model by multivariate regression found that those who consented were older, more likely to be unemployed, and more likely to endorse prescription drug misuse, problems related to drug use, family history of alcohol problems, trouble falling asleep, and a health professional recommendation to lose weight.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Patients consenting to the RCT reported a greater number and more severe psychosocial and mental health problems than those who declined study participation. If the higher level of risk among study participants was found in other studies as well, it would raise questions regarding the generalizability of RCT results to broader clinic samples.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/08897077.2018.1526843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T06:38:29Z","timestamp":1540881509000},"page":"469-475","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Representativeness of Patients Enrolled in A Primary Care Clinical Trial for Heavy\/Problem Substance Use"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Sydney S.","family":"Kelpin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Ondersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merrill-Palmer Skillman Institute and Department of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA;"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurobehavioral Research on Addiction, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dace S.","family":"Svikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA;"},{"name":"Institute for Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2013.74.889"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"14508","article-title":"NIH guidelines on the inclusion of women and minorities as subjects in clinical research","volume":"59","author":"National Institutes of Health.","year":"1994","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health. 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