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Theaflavins, black tea polyphenols, show antibacterial and anti-oxidative effects, but their effects on brain function, especially mental condition, have not been elucidated. The present study demonstrated that theaflavins increased dopamine (DA) turnover in the frontal cortex and showed an anxiolytic effect in mice. Theaflavin consumption increased the time spent by mice in the open arms of an elevated plus maze test. Theaflavin administration increased the levels of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and the ratios of DOPAC\/DA and (DOPAC+homovanillic acids)\/DA indicating DA turnover, in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that the consumption of theaflavins induced anxiolytic effects via activation of the dopaminergic system in the frontal cortex, which support the findings of previous epidemiological studies. Theaflavins in black tea may be helpful to reduce anxiety in daily life. (150\/150 words).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/09168451.2019.1584523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T21:28:40Z","timestamp":1551216520000},"page":"1157-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Anxiolytic effects of theaflavins via dopaminergic activation in the frontal cortex"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company Ltd., Yokohama-shi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Nervous System Research Laboratories, CNS R&D Unit, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Nervous System Research Laboratories, CNS R&D Unit, R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Shizuoka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhisa","family":"Ano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Laboratories for Health Science & Food Technologies, Kirin Company Ltd., Yokohama-shi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-005-0148-2","article-title":"Daily tea drinking is associated with a low level of depressive symptoms in the Finnish general population","volume":"20","author":"Hintikka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28216","article-title":"Green tea consumption is associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly","volume":"90","author":"Niu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0784-0","article-title":"Tea consumption and health-related quality of life in older adults","volume":"21","author":"Pan","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2013.004","article-title":"Chronic administration of catechin decreases depression and anxiety-like behaviors in a rat model using chronic corticosterone injections","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomol Ther"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.06.062","article-title":"Anxiolytic properties of green tea polyphenol (\u2212)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)","volume":"1110","author":"Vignes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9366","DOI":"10.1021\/jf400123y","article-title":"Theflavins and Theasinensin A derived from fermented tea have antihyperglycemic and hypotriacylglycerolemic effects in KK-Ay mice and Sprague\u2013dawley rats","volume":"61","author":"Miyata","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2016.11.027","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of theaflavin-3,3\u02b9-digallate on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation","volume":"794","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.03.009","article-title":"Antiviral activity of theaflavin digallate against herpes simplex virus type 1","volume":"118","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"2021033109300267400_CIT0010","unstructured":"Bouayed \u00a0J \u00a0Relationship between oxidative stress and anxiety: emerging role of antioxidants within therapeutic or preventive approaches. 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