{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T20:22:18Z","timestamp":1781727738840,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technology Analysis &amp; Strategic Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2018.1542129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T09:35:47Z","timestamp":1540892147000},"page":"641-652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Is the fourth industrial revolution relevant to sub-Sahara Africa?"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5952-3023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desmond Tutu","family":"Ayentimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tasmanian School of Business and Economics, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, RMIT University, Swanston St Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2016.09.003"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2017.1300913"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-66242-8_1"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2017.1313403"},{"key":"CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2018.01.003"},{"key":"CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-02-2017-0033"},{"key":"CIT0010","volume-title":"Multinationals\u2019 HRM Policies and Practices: Do National Institutions in Less Developed Countries Really Matter?","author":"Ayentimi D. T.","year":"2018"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/MBR-08-2015-0040"},{"key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7941.12132"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2017.05.041"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60714-6_1"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2015.04.003"},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09585190701321716"},{"key":"CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67014-0_9"},{"issue":"55","key":"CIT0019","first-page":"101","volume":"15","author":"Defor S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Research Policy and Systems"},{"key":"CIT0020","author":"Department of Economic and Social Affairs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontier Issues"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2016.09.021"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.11.014"},{"key":"CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2016.08.019"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2008.05.002"},{"key":"CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enpol.2017.12.039"},{"key":"CIT0028","unstructured":"Johnson, L., and P. Toledano. 2013. Background Paper for the Eighth Columbia International Investment Conference on Investment Incentives: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly, Assessing the Costs, Benefits and Options for Policy Reform, 13\u201314. Columbia: Vale Columbia Centre on Sustainable International Development, Columbia University."},{"key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2017.11.006"},{"key":"CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.28.3.109"},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2016.07.006"},{"key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08039410903558244"},{"key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijindorg.2007.04.002"},{"key":"CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2017.1297787"},{"key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.futures.2017.03.006"},{"key":"CIT0037","volume-title":"How Changes in Technology and Automation Will Affect the Labour Market in Africa","author":"Millington K. A.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"CIT0040","first-page":"19","volume":"1","author":"Ngowi H. P.","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Tanzanet Journal"},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2016.03.001"},{"issue":"4","key":"CIT0042","first-page":"59","volume":"11","author":"Odekunle F. F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Health Sciences"},{"key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2018.02.001"},{"key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-70043-4_9"},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02646811.2017.1379667"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/jda.2018.0004"},{"key":"CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2013.12.009"},{"key":"CIT0049","volume-title":"The Informal Sector in Ghana","author":"Osei-Boateng C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00131857.2016.1177412"},{"key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02681102.2014.985521"},{"key":"CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03768350802090527"},{"key":"CIT0053","author":"Runde D.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foreign Policy"},{"key":"CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2015.11.006"},{"key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2017.12.009"},{"issue":"20","key":"CIT0056","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"Schiuma G.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity"},{"key":"CIT0057","volume-title":"The Fourth Industrial Revolution","author":"Schwab K.","year":"2017"},{"issue":"3","key":"CIT0058","first-page":"343","volume":"116","author":"Sethuraman S. V.","year":"1977","journal-title":"International Labour Review"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07900627.2017.1321530"},{"key":"CIT0061","volume-title":"The Future of Jobs and Skills in Africa Preparing the Region for the Fourth Industrial Revolution","author":"World Economic Forum","year":"2017"},{"key":"CIT0062","unstructured":"World Economic Forum Africa. 2016. https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/events\/world-economic-forum-on-africa-2016."}],"container-title":["Technology Analysis &amp; Strategic Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/09537325.2018.1542129","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T03:13:00Z","timestamp":1555902780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/09537325.2018.1542129"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/09537325.2018.1542129"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09537325.2018.1542129","relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-7325","1465-3990"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-7325","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-3990","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ctas20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ctas20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2018-04-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-08-27","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-10-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}