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However, little is known about the prevalence and correlates of incarceration among community\u2010based samples of IDU. <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>. We examined the prevalence and correlates of recent incarceration among IDU in the Scientific Evaluation of Supervised Injecting (SEOSI) cohort examined between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2006 using generalised estimating equations (GEE). <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>. A total of 902 individuals were included in the analysis, of whom 255 (28.72%) were female and 536 (59.42%) reported a history of incarceration. In a multivariate GEE model, recent incarceration was associated positively and independently with a number of high\u2010risk drug using behaviours, including syringe sharing. <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>. An alarmingly high proportion of active IDU reported recent incarceration and injecting while incarcerated. Recent incarceration was associated independently with syringe sharing. These findings add further evidence to repeated demands for an expansion of appropriate harm\u2010reduction measures in Canada's prisons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230801956157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,12]],"date-time":"2008-05-12T17:58:19Z","timestamp":1210615099000},"page":"693-699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Incarceration experiences in a cohort of active injection drug users"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"M.\u2010J.","family":"MILLOY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EVAN","family":"WOOD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WILL","family":"SMALL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MARK","family":"TYNDALL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CALVIN","family":"LAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JULIO","family":"MONTANER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS","family":"KERR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdh189"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500159292"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199708000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Female injection drug users in Vancouver face higher risks of HIV infection","volume":"7","author":"Thomas K.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023946324822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08897070109511463"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.9645897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007619614350"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7253.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1998.9322438.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90010-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1998.93811695.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JA-200030795"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2003.00466.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200201010-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/11.3.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01475.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care","author":"Dolan K.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2000.95812077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.10.1637"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"HIV\/AIDS in prisons: New developments","volume":"4","author":"Jurgens R.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Canadian HIV\/AIDS Policy Law Newslett"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/93.2.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.7.1218"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"121","article-title":"Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C antibodies in prisoners in England and Wales: A national survey","volume":"3","author":"Weild AR","year":"2000","journal-title":"Commun Dis Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","unstructured":"BeyrerC.HIV epidemiology update and transmission factors: Risks and risk contexts. 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