{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T11:50:17Z","timestamp":1751370617154},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,29]],"date-time":"2009-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6998,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 1968 an editorial in the <jats:italic>British Medical Journal<\/jats:italic> rejected the view that compulsive or pathological gambling should be included under the rubric of illness. Exactly 20 years later an invited paper to the same journal noted that the problem was an addictive behaviour or dependency disorder and listed the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic criteria. The following review critically evaluates some of the key conceptual and research developments during the intervening period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/09595239000185241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,13]],"date-time":"2006-07-13T19:14:52Z","timestamp":1152818092000},"page":"187-199","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Gambling: the psychology of a non\u2010drug compulsion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"MARK","family":"DICKERSON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5597.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","unstructured":"BolenDW.Gambling: historical highlights trends and their implications for contemporary society. Paper presented at the First Annual Conference on Gambling Las Vegas 1974."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","volume-title":"Controlled drinking","author":"Heather N.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","volume-title":"Compulsive gamblers","author":"Dickerson MG.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","volume-title":"Cognitive behavioural interventions, theory research and procedures","author":"Marlatt GA.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","volume-title":"The addictive behaviours: treatment of alcoholism, drug abuse, smoking and obesity","author":"Miller WR","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","volume-title":"Excessive appetites: a psychological view of addictions","author":"Orford J.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 3rd edn. DSM\u2010III. Washington DC 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association.Diagnostic and statistical manual 3rd edn revised. Washington DC 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01043527"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6624.729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"The psychology of gambling","author":"Bergler E.","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.32.12.1017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"Gambling in Australia","author":"Blaszczynski A.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1968.01740050105018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","volume-title":"Pathological gambling. Br J Psychiat Special Publ No. 9: Contemporary Psychiatry","author":"Moran E.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","volume-title":"Addictive disorders update","author":"Custer RL.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","volume-title":"Report on pathological gambling in New Jersey","author":"Lesieur HR.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Refining prevalence estimates of pathological gambling","volume":"145","author":"Volberg RA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Psychiat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003591577006301226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.117.540.545"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019935"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826088309033066"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","unstructured":"MalkinD.An empirical investigation into some aspects of problem gambling. University of Western Australia:Unpublished Masters thesis 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716284474001012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Handbook on pathological gambling","author":"McCormick RA","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","volume-title":"Gambling in Australia","author":"Dickerson MG.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","volume-title":"Gambling in Australia","author":"Walker MB.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","unstructured":"LynchR.Second generation club project: stage one. Unpublished report to the North Ryde RSL Community Bowling and Sports Club Ltd. Sydney 1985."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00332747.1979.11024008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","volume-title":"The chase: career of the compulsive gambler","author":"Lesieur HR.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-954X.1978.tb00137.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Pathological gambling and major effective disorder: preliminary findings","volume":"47","author":"Linden RD","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.141.2.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","unstructured":"CusterRL CusterLF.Characteristics of the recovering compulsive gambler: a survey of 150 members of gamblers anonymous. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual Conference on Gambling Reno Nevada 1978."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(83)90044-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1986.tb05610.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","unstructured":"WrayI.A retrospective survey of Gamblers Anonymous. University of Edinburgh:Unpublished MPhil thesis 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","unstructured":"PolitzerRM MorrowJS.The Johns Hopkins University Compulsive Gambling Counselling Center. Paper presented at the American Psychological Association Annual Meeting 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019933"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","unstructured":"JacobsDF.Effects on children of parental excesses in gambling. Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking Reno Nevada 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(87)90019-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","unstructured":"LesieurHR.The female pathological gambler. Paper presented at the 7th International Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking Reno Nevada 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","unstructured":"PolitzerRM MorrowJS LeaveySB.Report on the societal cost of pathological gambling and the cost\u2010benefit\/effectiveness of treatment. Paper presented at Fifth Annual Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking Lake Tahoe USA 1981."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","volume-title":"Criminal typology","author":"Roebuck J.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","volume-title":"Submission of evidence to the Royal Commission on Gambling","author":"Royal College of Psychiatrists.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","volume-title":"Is there a safe level of daily consumption for men and women","author":"Pols RG","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","unstructured":"KallickM. SuitsD. DielmanT. HybelsJ.A survey of American gambling attitudes and behaviour. University of Michigan Survey Research Center Institute for Social Research 1979."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019753"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","volume-title":"Gambling: a review of the literature and its implications for policy and research","author":"Cornish DB.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","volume-title":"Gambling in Britain","author":"Gallup","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","volume-title":"The facts about the \u2018money factories","author":"Moody G.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.15288\/qjsa.1966.27.648","article-title":"Operational definitions of drinking problems and associated prevalence ratios","volume":"27","author":"Clark W.","year":"1966","journal-title":"Q J Stud Alcohol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","unstructured":"DickersonMG.The effect of betting shop experience on gambling behaviour. University of Birmingham UK:Unpublished PhD thesis 1974."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","unstructured":"CaldwellG. YoungS. DickersonMG McMillenJ.Social impact study (Civic Section 19 Development and Casino) Commonwealth of Australia 1988."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01018328"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_2","volume-title":"A survey of pathological gamblers in the State of Ohio","author":"Culleton RP.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.9.1184"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_2","unstructured":"BlaszczynskiAP.Clinical studies in pathological gambling. University of New South Wales:Unpublished PhD thesis 1988."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1979.tb01346.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_2","volume-title":"The guide to good gambling","author":"Allcock C.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_2","volume-title":"Lets drink to your health","author":"Robertson I.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/QJSA.1952.13.673"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_2","volume-title":"Science and human behaviour","author":"Skinner BF.","year":"1953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019930"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.41.4.461"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psychotherapy.1967.21.4.808","article-title":"Paradoxical intention in the treatment of compulsive gambling","volume":"21","author":"Victor R.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Psychother"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140136708930910"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(80)90052-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1981.tb02184.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.32.2.311","article-title":"The illusion of control","volume":"32","author":"Lange EJ.","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Personality Social Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_2","volume-title":"Where the action is","author":"Goffman E.","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Impulsivity, subjective probability, cardiac response and risk\u2010taking: correlates and factors","volume":"1","author":"Rule BG","year":"1970","journal-title":"Personality"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"The effect of arousal on risk\u2010taking","volume":"2","author":"Rule BG","year":"1971","journal-title":"Personality"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.1984.tb01910.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_2","volume-title":"Sensation seeking: beyond the optimal level of arousal","author":"Zuckerman M.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019884"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01530.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_2","volume-title":"The misuse of alcohol","author":"Cameron D.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb03936.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01087473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(85)90058-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_2","volume-title":"Social change in Australia","author":"Caldwell GT.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_2","volume-title":"Gambling in the 80\u2032s","author":"Dickerson MG","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_2","unstructured":"StewartRM BrownRIF.An outcome study of Gamblers Anonymous. Br J Psychiat 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_2","unstructured":"CorlessT.An investigation of impaired control in gambling behaviour. Australian National University:Unpublished Clinical Masters thesis 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_2","unstructured":"BarkeJ. MillerM.Aversion therapy for compulsive gambling.The Lancet1966; February 26:191\u20132."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-196804000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BarkerJ. MillerM.Treatment of compulsive gambling.The Lancet1968; April 27:926.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(68)90288-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.114.508.329"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/00207284.1970.11491758","article-title":"The compulsive gambler and spouse in group psychotherapy","volume":"20","author":"Boyd WH","year":"1970","journal-title":"Int J Group Psychother"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(70)90097-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7894(71)80107-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1972.tb47050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01186795"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7916(79)90090-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_2","unstructured":"MoskowitzJ.Lithium and lady luck.New York State J Med1980; April:786\u20138."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.140.4.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(82)90117-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.142.4.366"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_104_2","first-page":"823","article-title":"An outcome study of an inpatient treatment program for pathological gamblers","volume":"35","author":"Russo AM","year":"1984","journal-title":"Hosp Commun Psychiat"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TepermanJH.The effectiveness of short\u2010term group therapy upon the pathological gambler and wife. In:EadingtonWR ed.Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking. University of Nevada Reno 1985.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01019865"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.144.6.757"}],"container-title":["Drug and Alcohol Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F09595239000185241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F09595239000185241","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/09595239000185241","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T19:56:07Z","timestamp":1698004567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/09595239000185241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,4]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/09595239000185241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09595239000185241","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-5236","1465-3362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-5236","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-3362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2009-05-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}