{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T07:34:11Z","timestamp":1772264051449,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]],"date-time":"2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":946684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aims<\/jats:italic>: The effects of <jats:italic>Tityus serrulatus<\/jats:italic> venom (TSV) were analysed with respect to the susceptibility of four isogenic mouse, the symptoms following injection of venom and the inflammatory mediators in an experimental model of severe envenomation induced in mice.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: The susceptibility was analysed by lethal dose (LD50) determination, including the symptoms observed during envenomating and glucose levels. The detection of cytokines in serum from mice were analysed using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, and nitric oxide (NO) was analysed using nitrite determination.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: The estimated LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values were in micrograms per 100 microliters, and the susceptibility of mice to TSV varies with: (a) mouse strain and route of injection (A\/J &lt; BALB\/c &lt; C57Bl\/6 = DBA); (b) mouse strain and sex (A\/J female and male &lt; BALB\/c female and male); and (c) body weight (all groups of A\/J &lt; BALB\/c groups).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Among the mouse strains studied, BALB\/c mice presented moderate sensibility to TSV, with changes in specific signs and serum levels of glucose, several cytokines and NO, when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 1 LD50 of venom. Sweating, salivation and tremor were the specific signs that preceded death. The maximum levels of glucose in sera from mice injected i.p. with 1 LD50 of TSV were observed 60\u201090 min post\u2010injection. Significant differences were observed in the time\u2010course of cytokine levels, and the venom induced marked elevations of interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, IL\u201010 and interferon gamma (IFN\u2010\u03b3). The maximum levels of IL\u20101\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 were observed 2 h post\u2010injection. The more pronounced levels of IL\u20106 were observed 4 h post\u2010injection. There was an early increase in IFN\u2010\u03b3 followed by an even higher level after 4 h. IL\u201010 levels peaked between 6 and 8 h, and this cytokine probably modulates the secretion of IFN\u2010\u03b3. Tumor necrosis factor release was not detected in BALB\/c mice injected with TSV. NO levels attained maximal release after 2 h, following venom injection, while a second peak for NO was at 6 h.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>: These findings indicate that the susceptibility to the systemic effects of the venom varies among mice of different haplotypes, and that the cytokines such as IL\u20101, IL\u20106, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and NO are strongly involved in the pathogenesis caused by this venom and are correlated with the severity of envenomation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/09622935020138811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:37:56Z","timestamp":1027701476000},"page":"173-180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["The dynamics of cytokine d nitric oxide secretion in mice injected with <i>Tityus serrulatus<\/i> scorpion venom"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Vera L.","family":"Petricevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos F.","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2002\/369698.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/09622935020138811","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T23:57:35Z","timestamp":1723075055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/09622935020138811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/09622935020138811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09622935020138811","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-01-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}