{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T16:01:40Z","timestamp":1780934500624,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Teaching and Learning in Medicine"],"DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2026.2662341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:24:24Z","timestamp":1777562664000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does the Timing of USMLE Step 1 Affect Performance? A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Clerkship Timing in the Pass\/Fail Era"],"prefix":"10.1080","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9955-4510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Board of Medical Examiners","place":["Philadelphia, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8327-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sally","family":"Santen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department or Emergency Medicine","place":["Cincinnati, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5809-1617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arnyce","family":"Pock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","place":["Bethesda, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5670-3854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine","place":["Houston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8339-2107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Toonkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education, Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine","place":["Westchester, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8812-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen E.","family":"Hauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine","place":["San Francisco, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9334-9567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine","place":["Durham, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3374-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seetha U.","family":"Monrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School","place":["Ann Arbor, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8426-9506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Kogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine","place":["Philadelphia, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2686-5216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine","family":"Seibert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health United States","place":["Madison, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1870-2436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Jurich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Board of Medical Examiners","place":["Philadelphia, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3266-9289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael S.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Virginia","place":["Charlottesville, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1642-0475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara B.","family":"Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3139-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aubrie","family":"Swan Sein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Education Research and Evaluation, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons","place":["New York, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8961-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine","place":["San Diego, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-024-03738-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","unstructured":"American Medical Association. (2025). How the switch to pass-fail scoring for USMLE Step 1 is going. https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/medical-students\/usmle-step-1-2\/how-switch-pass-fail-scoring-usmle-step-1-going"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2021.1922285"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002565"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1031"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/acm.0000000000001714"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003908"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012801"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.41.10.1040"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.80.3.501"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-23-00262.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","unstructured":"Farber O. N. (2018 August 14). Medical students are skipping class in droves\u2014And making lectures increasingly obsolete. Stat News. https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/08\/14\/medical-students-skippingclass\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-019-00906-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279911"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2021.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-18-00979.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2020.1860063"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002458"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM0000000000002921"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0142159X.2018.1545087"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003908"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3182971e06"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-023-01878-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-025-02349-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10401334.2021.1899929"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000002101"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.19212"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000855"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000005887"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","unstructured":"United States Medical Licensing Examination. (2019). Summary report and preliminary recommendations from the Invitational Conference on USMLE Scoring (InCUS). https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2021-08\/incus_summary_report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","unstructured":"United States Medical Licensing Examination. (2022). Change to Step 1 passing standard begins January 26. https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/change-step-1-passing-standard-begins-january-26-2022"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","unstructured":"United States Medical Licensing Examination. (2025a). Change to Step 1 passing standard begins January 26 2022. https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/change-step-1-passing-standard-begins-january-26-2022"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","unstructured":"United States Medical Licensing Examination. (2025b). Performance data. https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/performance-data"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","unstructured":"United States Medical Licensing Examination. (2025c). Step 1 overview. https:\/\/www.usmle.org\/step-exams\/step-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000005973"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.96.2.236"}],"container-title":["Teaching and Learning in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10401334.2026.2662341","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T15:43:29Z","timestamp":1780933409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10401334.2026.2662341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10401334.2026.2662341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10401334.2026.2662341","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-1334","1532-8015"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-1334","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-8015","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=htlm20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=htlm20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2025-09-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}