{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T19:21:11Z","timestamp":1773688871345,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2019.1642618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T03:34:15Z","timestamp":1564544055000},"page":"341-354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Creating Effective Automation to Maintain Explicit User Engagement"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason M.","family":"Bindewald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6306-3437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems and Engineering Management, Air Force Institute of Technology","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilbert L.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Air Force Institute of Technology","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","volume-title":"Human-Centered Aviation Automation: Principles and Guidelines","author":"Billings C. E.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Billings, C. E. (1996). Human-Centered Aviation Automation: Principles and Guidelines. Moffett Field, CA: NASA Technical Memorandum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2014.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-57969-6_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouvier P. Lavou\u00e9 E. Sehaba K. & George S. (2013). Identifying Learner\u2019s Engagement in Learning Games: A Qualitative Approach based on Learner\u2019s Traces of Interaction. In Proceedings of CSEDU 2013: The 5th international conference on computer supported education (pp. 339\u2013350). Aachen Germany.","DOI":"10.5220\/0004386903390350"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2013.70"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0511(95)05167-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00994052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0951-8320(98)00069-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2930840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2013.2293535"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","unstructured":"De Waard D. (1996). The Measurement of Drivers \u2019 Mental Workload. Dissertation. University of Groningen Haren The Netherlands. Retrieved from http:\/\/dissertations.ub.rug.nl\/FILES\/faculties\/ppsw\/1996\/d.de.waard\/09_thesis.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872095779064555"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0018720812443983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343413490945"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","volume-title":"Human engineering for an effective air navigation and traffic control system","author":"Fitts P.","year":"1951","unstructured":"Fitts, P. (ed). (1951). Human engineering for an effective air navigation and traffic control system. Washington, DC: National Research Council, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, Committee on Aviation Psychology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0511(99)00002-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2015.7408350"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogsys.2017.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/21.17382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4115(08)62386-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0041823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327566IJCE0501_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-21827-9_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.2011.6084173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872007779598037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b15703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Performance Under Stress","author":"Parasuraman R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Parasuraman, R., & Hancock, P. A. (2008). Mitigating the Adverse Effects of Workload, Stress, and Fatigue with Adaptive Automation. In J. L. Hancock, A. Peter, & Szalma (Eds.), Performance Under Stress (pp. 45\u201357). Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/001872097778543886"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001872088502700109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","first-page":"483","volume-title":"The Handbook of Task Analysis for Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Patern\u00f2 F.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Patern\u00f2, F. (2003). ConcurTaskTrees: An Engineered Notation for Task Models. In D. Diaper & N. A. Stanton (Eds.),\u00a0The Handbook of Task Analysis for Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 483\u2013503). Mahwah,\u00a0NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.45.4.601.27092"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343413490166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1555343413490944"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","first-page":"120","volume-title":"Inside the black box: Technology and economics","author":"Rosenberg N.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rosenberg, N. (1982). Learning by Using. In Inside the black box: Technology and economics (1st ed., pp. 120\u2013140). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1977.4309727"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/356835.356839"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107415324.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","unstructured":"Sharek D. (2010). The Influence of Flow in the Measure of Engagement. Thesis. North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina. Retrieved from http:\/\/catalog.lib.ncsu.edu\/record\/NCSU2257724"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2010.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","volume-title":"Human factors methods: A practical guide for engineering and design (2nd ed.)","author":"Stanton N. A.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stanton, N. A., Salmon, P. M., Rafferty, L. A., Walker, G. H., Baber, C., & Jenkins, D. P. (2013). Human factors methods: A practical guide for engineering and design (2nd ed.). Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","volume-title":"Individual preferences using automation(Unpublished doctoral dissertation)","author":"Thropp J. E.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thropp, J. E. (2006). Individual preferences using automation(Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Department of Psychology,\u00a0University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","volume-title":"The New York Times","author":"Vlasic B.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vlasic, B., & Boudette, N. E. (2016). Self-driving Tesla was involved in fatal crash, U.S. says. In E. Pollock (Ed.),\u00a0The New York Times. New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107118138002400111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781107415324.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Automation and human performance: Theory and Applications","author":"Woods D.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Woods, D. (1996). Decomposing automation: Apparent simplicity, real complexity. In M. R. Parasuraman & M. Mouloua (Eds.), Automation and human performance: Theory and Applications (pp. 3\u201317). Mahwah, NJ: Earlbaum. Retrieved from https:\/\/doi.org\/citeulike-article-id:9449659"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2014.956151"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10447318.2019.1642618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T21:29:11Z","timestamp":1769722151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10447318.2019.1642618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10447318.2019.1642618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447318.2019.1642618","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-7318","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2019-07-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}