{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T02:33:55Z","timestamp":1770518035336,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2021.1970430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T05:05:05Z","timestamp":1632114305000},"page":"742-752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Examining the structural relationships among e-learning interactivity, uncertainty avoidance, and perceived risks of COVID-19: Applying extended technology acceptance model"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-3194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V. G.","family":"Girish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Business Administration, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Aviation Service, Joongbu University, Geumsan-gun, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indira","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management, Prestige Institute of Management, Gwalior, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choong-Ki","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The College of Hotel and Tourism Management, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"cit0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v10i2.596"},{"issue":"4","key":"cit0002","first-page":"370","volume":"2","author":"Adiele C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Knowledge Management & E-learning"},{"key":"cit0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69746-3_2"},{"key":"cit0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"cit0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1861766"},{"issue":"1","key":"cit0006","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"Allo M. D. G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jurnal Sinestesia"},{"key":"cit0007","unstructured":"Bank of Korea. (2020). The economic impacts and implications from the major disease and natural disasters. International Economic Review, 2020\u20132026. https:\/\/www.bok.or.kr\/portal\/bbs\/P0000528\/view.do?nttId=10056888&menuNo=200434"},{"key":"cit0008","unstructured":"Bhattacharya, D. (2020). A viral education? Into the future of our locked classrooms and shut campuses. Retrieved July 16, 2020, from https:\/\/thewire.in\/education\/covid-19-online-teaching-future-classrooms"},{"key":"cit0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/25148755"},{"key":"cit0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ausmj.2020.07.005"},{"key":"cit0011","unstructured":"CAE. (2020). COVID-19 virus: Changes in education. Retrieved August 13, 2020, from https:\/\/www.cae.net\/covid-19-virus-changes-in-education\/"},{"issue":"5","key":"cit0012","first-page":"220","volume":"4","author":"Chen M.-P","year":"2008","journal-title":"WSEAS Transactions on Advances in Engineering Education"},{"key":"cit0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2575.2010.00356.x"},{"key":"cit0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/10662241211235699"},{"key":"cit0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"key":"cit0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.35.8.982"},{"issue":"11","key":"cit0017","first-page":"30","volume":"64","author":"Edwards E","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trade Journals"},{"key":"cit0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.02.010"},{"key":"cit0019","unstructured":"Fishbein, M. (1980). Theory of reasoned action: Some applications and implications. In H. Howe & M. Page (Eds.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1979 (pp. 65\u2013116). Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press."},{"key":"cit0020","volume-title":"Preparing for life in a digital age - the IEA international computer and information literacy study international report","author":"Fraillon J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"cit0021","unstructured":"Ghosh, P. (2020). Coronavirus in Kerala: First case in India reported, confirms health ministry. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https:\/\/www.india.com\/news\/india\/breaking-news-coronavirus-first-case-in-india-reported-in-kerala-confirms-health-ministry-3926319\/"},{"key":"cit0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1005-9_1554"},{"key":"cit0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2753\/MTP1069-6679190202"},{"key":"cit0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-011-0261-6"},{"key":"cit0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014"},{"key":"cit0026","volume-title":"Cultural consequences","author":"Hofstede G","year":"2001","edition":"2"},{"key":"cit0027","unstructured":"Hofstede Insights (2020). Country comparison. Retrieved August 9, 2020, from https:\/\/www.hofstede-insights.com\/country-comparison\/india\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"cit0028","first-page":"211","volume":"3","author":"Hsu -H.-H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"US-China Education Review A"},{"key":"cit0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2017.01.196"},{"key":"cit0030","unstructured":"Indo-Asian News Service. (2020). Byju\u2019s sees 60 percent increase in traffic after making learning free amid coronavirus. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https:\/\/gadgets.ndtv.com\/apps\/news\/byjus-sees-60-percent-increase-in-traffic-after-making-learning-free-amid-coronavirus-2197516"},{"key":"cit0031","unstructured":"John Hopkins University (2020). COVID-19 dashboard by the center for system science and engineering (CSSE) at John Hopkins University (JHU). Retrieved August 29, 2021, from https:\/\/coronavirus.jhu.edu\/map.html"},{"key":"cit0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3250940"},{"key":"cit0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.2001.0457"},{"key":"cit0034","unstructured":"Kim, Y. (2020, March 23). Attention to untact-related stocks such as the areas of teleconferencing, e-commerce, and unattended automation service. Economy Chosun. Retrieved August 13, 2020, from http:\/\/economy.chosun.com\/client\/news\/view.php?boardName=C08&page=1&t_num=13608632"},{"key":"cit0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2006.05.003"},{"key":"cit0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jtr.607"},{"key":"cit0037","unstructured":"Kumar, R. (2020). Lockdown is disrupting a generation\u2019s education. what can be done? Retrieved July 16, 2020, from https:\/\/thewire.in\/education\/coronavirus-lockdown-education-students"},{"key":"cit0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2009.06.014"},{"key":"cit0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2003.10.007"},{"key":"cit0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2011.577190"},{"key":"cit0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(03)00024-0"},{"key":"cit0042","volume-title":"Motivation and personality","author":"Maslow A","year":"1954"},{"key":"cit0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2020.102233"},{"key":"cit0044","unstructured":"McKinsey Global Institute (2019). Digital India: Technology to transform a connected nation. Retrieved August 1, 2020, from https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/business-functions\/mckinsey-digital\/our-insights\/digital-india-technology-to-transform-a-connected-nation"},{"key":"cit0045","unstructured":"Ministry of Human Resource Development (2020). COVID-19: Stay safe. Retrieved July 16, 2020, from https:\/\/mhrd.gov.in\/sites\/upload_files\/mhrd\/files\/Covid%2019_0.pdf"},{"key":"cit0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4359(01)00067-7"},{"key":"cit0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjet.12469"},{"key":"cit0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13523260.2020.1761749"},{"key":"cit0049","unstructured":"National Statistical Office (2019). Key indicators of household social consumption on education in India. Retrieved July 16, 2020, from http:\/\/www.mospi.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/NSS75252E\/KI_Education_75th_Final.pdf"},{"key":"cit0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.07.026"},{"key":"cit0051","unstructured":"NDTV. (2020). 10 HRD-UGC initiatives for online learning. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https:\/\/www.ndtv.com\/education\/let-covid-19-not-stop-you-from-learning-10-hrd-ugc-initiatives-for-online-learning-2200664"},{"key":"cit0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264239555-en"},{"key":"cit0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1848164"},{"key":"cit0054","unstructured":"Pandey, V. (2020). India\u2019s education system feels a digital divide amid the pandemic. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2020\/06\/indias-education-system-feels-a-digital-divide-amid-the-pandemic\/"},{"issue":"3","key":"cit0055","first-page":"150","volume":"12","author":"Park S. Y","year":"2009","journal-title":"Educational Technology & Society"},{"key":"cit0056","unstructured":"Parul. (2020). How COVID-19 affected the Indian education system. Retrieved August 5, 2020, from https:\/\/www.inventiva.co.in\/stories\/parul\/how-covid-19-pandemic-affects-the-indian-education-system\/"},{"key":"cit0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2004.10.007"},{"key":"cit0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2010.01529.x"},{"key":"cit0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2020-100213"},{"key":"cit0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2009.08.006"},{"key":"cit0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3597340"},{"key":"cit0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287504272017"},{"key":"cit0063","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2019.102812"},{"key":"cit0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2015.11.005"},{"key":"cit0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1975.9915803"},{"key":"cit0066","volume-title":"Communication technology: The new media in society","author":"Rogers E. M","year":"1986"},{"issue":"3","key":"cit0067","first-page":"3","volume":"27","author":"Romeo G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Australian Educational Computing"},{"key":"cit0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019817400200403"},{"key":"cit0069","unstructured":"Sahni, U. (2020). COVID-19 in India: Education disrupted, and lessons learned. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/blog\/education-plus-development\/2020\/05\/14\/covid-19-in-india-education-disrupted-and-lessons-learned\/"},{"key":"cit0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.09.009"},{"key":"cit0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2015.10.006"},{"key":"cit0072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-6918(80)90039-6"},{"key":"cit0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0272-4332.00001"},{"key":"cit0074","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEB.2015.069104"},{"key":"cit0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2984809"},{"key":"cit0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2011.08.005"},{"key":"cit0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1250198"},{"key":"cit0078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.6.2.144"},{"key":"cit0079","unstructured":"Time (2020). Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announces total lockdown of 1.3 million people for 21 Days. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https:\/\/time.com\/5808348\/india-coronavirus-lockdown\/"},{"key":"cit0080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9faa0eb8-en"},{"key":"cit0081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540"},{"key":"cit0082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/41410412"},{"key":"cit0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1088\/1\/012058"},{"key":"cit0084","volume-title":"To investigate relative effectiveness of the dimensions of interactivity","author":"Wang H","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"cit0085","first-page":"35","volume":"2","author":"Watkins R","year":"2005","journal-title":"Distance Learning"},{"key":"cit0086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.7.4.355"},{"key":"cit0087","unstructured":"WHO. (2020). Novel Corona virus disease (COVID-19), situation update-report 8. Retrieved July 15, 2020, from https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default-source\/wrindia\/situation-report\/india-situation-report-8bc9aca340f91408b9efbedb3917565fc.pdf?sfvrsn=5e0b8a43_2"},{"key":"cit0088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870441003763253"},{"key":"cit0089","unstructured":"World Bank (2020). Lessons for education during the COVID-19 crisis. Retrieved August 15, 2020, from https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/edutech\/brief\/lessons-for-education-during-covid-19-crisis"},{"key":"cit0090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10641734.2006.10505193"},{"key":"cit0091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-9236(03)00062-9"},{"key":"cit0092","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31234\/osf.io\/kr9ya"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10447318.2021.1970430","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T15:18:55Z","timestamp":1656947935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10447318.2021.1970430"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10447318.2021.1970430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447318.2021.1970430","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-7318","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2021-09-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}