{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T21:14:24Z","timestamp":1770930864417,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2022.2051887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T23:54:32Z","timestamp":1651622072000},"page":"923-948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Access and Experiences of Arabic Native Speakers With Disabilities on Social Media During and After the World Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1295-3736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainab","family":"AlMeraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Science, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]},{"name":"AlSalem University City","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7200-0032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iyad","family":"Abu Doush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, American University of Kuwait","place":["Salmiya, Kuwait"]},{"name":"Computer Science Department, Yarmouk University","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5038-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dari","family":"Alhuwail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Science, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]},{"name":"AlSalem University City","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]},{"name":"Health Informatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute","place":["Kuwait City, Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3570-3630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shok","family":"Shama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Science, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]},{"name":"AlSalem University City","place":["Sabah, Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"AlBahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Information","place":["Kuwait City, Kuwait"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8170-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Al-Ramahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing and Cyber Security, College of Business, Texas A&M University-San Antonio","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2011.630416"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2939068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0973258616630217"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-67716-9_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-67716-9_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0660-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/19913"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-020-00717-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPCC-09-2015-0033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14419\/ijet.v7i2.29.13988"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46454-1_24"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2020.100973"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","unstructured":"Apple. (2020). iPhone Accessibility \u2013 Vision. https:\/\/www.apple.com\/accessibility\/iphone\/vision\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/306\/1\/012130"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32604\/cmc.2020.011489"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","volume-title":"Universal Access in Ambient Intelligence Environments","author":"Arrue M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Arrue, M., Vigo, M., & Abascal, J. (2006). Automatic evaluation of mobile web accessibility. In P. M. Stephanidis (Ed.), Universal Access in Ambient Intelligence Environments (Vol S Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4397). Springer."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3282894.3282921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2020.103816"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-009-0180-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1934-9556-58.5.355"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1414471.1414494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2017.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/fi5030376"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JCOM-03-2013-0015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3416089"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","unstructured":"Degenhard J. (2021). Twitter users in Kuwait 2017\u20132025. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/forecasts\/1143561\/twitter-users-in-kuwait"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2212-5671(16)00080-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","unstructured":"Devandas C. (2020). COVID-19: Who is protecting the people with disabilities. UN rights expert."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3998\/mpub.9708722"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/jjcit.71-1557233833"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0010146601960201"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18574\/nyu\/9780814732939.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","unstructured":"Gil L. Symons M. (2020). How to use VoiceOver on iPhone and iPad. https:\/\/www.imore.com\/how-use-voiceover-iphone-and-ipad"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313605"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3373625.3417023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14461242.2020.1784020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pubrev.2015.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2020.103286"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3209281.3209364"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","volume-title":"Representing disability in an Ableist World: Essays on Mass Media","author":"Haller B. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Haller, B. A. (2010). Representing disability in an Ableist World: Essays on Mass Media. The Advocado Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/IJTHI.2020010104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su12239816"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2019.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(03)00113-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84628-867-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","unstructured":"Insights S. (2017). Global social media research summary 2017. Preuzeto s. Retrieved May 07 2019 from https:\/\/www.smartinsights.com\/social-media-marketing\/social-media-strategy\/new-globalsocial-media-research\/(05.07.2019.)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650211423918"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","unstructured":"Johnson W. (2018). iOS 11 Accessibility Quick Start Guide. Colorado State University. http:\/\/www.chhs.colostate.edu\/atrc\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/25\/2019\/02\/ios-11-accessibility-2018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1471570"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1414471.1414487"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","unstructured":"Kemp S. (2020). Datareportal. https:\/\/datareportal.com\/about"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1048964"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-019-00658-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15671-8_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa597"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15833.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310709336964"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2012.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0275074020942105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/18796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386253"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3415196"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025814"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25045\/jpis.v08.i2.06"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24818\/issn14531305\/24.1.2020.02"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","volume-title":"The spread of social media in the GCC and the potential for its utilization in B2C Business (Tech. Rep.)","author":"Mashino I.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mashino, I. (2019). The spread of social media in the GCC and the potential for its utilization in B2C Business (Tech. Rep.). Mitsui & Co. Global Strategic Studies Institute."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-45708-5_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-05095-9_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173633"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2021.2004701"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.10520\/ejc-safety1-v18-n2-a9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_1","unstructured":"NYU Press. (2020). People use trust different COVID-19 information sources depending on gender age and other factors. https:\/\/www.nyu.edu\/about\/news-publications\/news\/2020\/october\/covid-19-information-sources.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458214540907"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_1","first-page":"31","volume-title":"Proceedings of HCI Korea","author":"Park K.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Park, K., Goh, T., & So, H.-J. (2014). Toward accessible mobile application design: Developing mobile application accessibility guidelines for people with visual impairment. In Proceedings of HCI Korea (p. 31\u201338). Hanbit Media, Inc."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15446\/dyna.v82n193.53499"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_1","unstructured":"Pulrang A. (2020). The disability community fights deadly discrimination amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Forbes. https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/andrewpulrang\/2020\/04\/14\/the-disability-community-fights-deadly-discrimination-amid-the-covid-19-pandemic\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09687599.2020.1752622"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_1","volume-title":"Inclusive disaster and emergency management for persons with disabilities: A review of needs, challenges, effective policies, and practices","author":"Raja D.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Raja, D., & Narasimhan, N. (2013). Inclusive disaster and emergency management for persons with disabilities: A review of needs, challenges, effective policies, and practices (Tech. Rep.). The Centre for Internet & Society."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2168479017753129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1427832"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452233277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0047-6765(2001)039<0201:SNOPWM>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2020.1768672"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444816645652"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.102060"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305854"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_1","unstructured":"Samsung (2021). Use the TalkBack options on your Galaxy phone. https:\/\/www.samsung.com\/us\/support\/answer\/ANS00085503\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pa.2417"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000000708"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.09.279"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061657"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2020.1842473"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-61499-830-3-1381"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-0023-3_8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376404"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_1","unstructured":"Statcounter \u2013 Global Statistics. (2020). Social Media Stats Kuwait 2020. https:\/\/gs.statcounter.com\/social-media-stats\/all\/kuwait"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1427830"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1083-6101.2009.01503.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6017\/ital.v40i1.12039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305120913909"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2818048.2820013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1751143720966280"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_1","unstructured":"World Wide Web Consortium. (2018). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1. https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG21\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557415"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998364"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2013.848238"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_1","volume-title":"Examining the impact of visuals on social media in crisis communication","author":"Yook B. R.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yook, B. R. (2019). Examining the impact of visuals on social media in crisis communication. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Miami."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106524"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2021.1988236"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Human\u2013Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10447318.2022.2051887","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T20:29:58Z","timestamp":1770928198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10447318.2022.2051887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10447318.2022.2051887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10447318.2022.2051887","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-7318","1532-7590"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-7318","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-7590","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hihc20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2021-05-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-11","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}