{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T04:15:04Z","timestamp":1781928904654,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,18]],"date-time":"2010-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1266451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1447,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Addict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The validity of a primary \/ secondary substance use disorder (SUD) distinction was evaluated in the first 1000 patients enrolled in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder. Patients with primary SUD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 116) were compared with those with secondary SUD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 275) on clinical course variables. Patients with secondary SUD had fewer days of euthymia, more episodes of mania and depression, and a greater history of suicide attempts. These findings were fully explained by variations in age of onset of bipolar disorder. The order of onset of SUDs was not linked to bipolar outcomes when age of onset of bipolar disorder was statistically controlled. The primary\/secondary distinction for SUD is not valid when variations in the age of onset of the non\u2010SUD are linked to course characteristics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490500528423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,4]],"date-time":"2006-04-04T20:33:17Z","timestamp":1144182797000},"page":"138-143","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Validity of the Distinction Between Primary and Secondary Substance Use Disorder in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: Data from the First 1000 STEP\u2010BD Participants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Fossey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Yates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve R.","family":"Wisniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyulai","family":"Gyulai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Miklowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim A.","family":"Coon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Ostacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackie L.","family":"Neel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Thase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary S.","family":"Sachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger D.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for STEP\u2010BD Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)00900-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03450190043026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080151"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2001.30403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2000.020306.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5618.2000.20308.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"The relationship between substance abuse and bipolar disorder","volume":"56","author":"Brady KT","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10673229809000321"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"365","article-title":"Alcoholism in manic\u2010depressive (bipolar) illness: familial illness, course of illness, and the primary secondary distinction","volume":"152","author":"Winokur G","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u2010IV Axis I Disorders (SCID)","author":"First MB","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"367","volume-title":"The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Psychiatry","author":"Franklin JE","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(92)90013-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00048678709160897"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(02)00112-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00111-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(03)00052-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(03)00165-3"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini\u2010International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM\u2010IV and ICD\u201010","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan DV","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"issue":"31","key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"50","article-title":"Use of clonazepam for bipolar affective disorder","volume":"51","author":"Sachs GS","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2004.00158.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"321","article-title":"Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnaire: a new measure","volume":"29","author":"Endicott J","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200012000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"SF\u201036 Health Survey Manual and Interpretation Guide","author":"Ware JE","year":"1993"}],"container-title":["The American Journal on Addictions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F10550490500528423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10550490500528423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T14:35:57Z","timestamp":1698762957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/10550490500528423"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10550490500528423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10550490500528423","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1055-0496","1521-0391"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1055-0496","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-0391","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,4]]}}}