{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T20:05:12Z","timestamp":1784750712011,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/10962247.2023.2248928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T13:33:52Z","timestamp":1692624832000},"page":"737-749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A meta-analysis of particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide air quality monitoring associated with the burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-7470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benett Siyabonga","family":"Madonsela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11121357"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2016.03.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12144"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Effects of primary air pollutants on human health and control measures-A review paper","volume":"4","author":"Ali L.G.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ali, L.G., and A. Haruna. 2015. Effects of primary air pollutants on human health and control measures-A review paper. Int. J. Innov. Res. Dev. 4 (9):45\u201355.","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Res. Dev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-018-0203-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483381411"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos6091327"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/oalib.1107389"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2014.06.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10574-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30042-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-014-4022-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30117-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58065-0_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2021.101128"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15030427"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","volume-title":"Mortality attributable to long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter: Insights from the epidemiologic evidence for understudied locations","author":"Colonna K.J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Colonna, K.J., P. Koutrakis, P.L. Kinney, R.M. Cooke, and J.S. Evans. 2022. Mortality attributable to long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter: Insights from the epidemiologic evidence for understudied locations. Environ. Sci. Technol. 56(11), 6799\u20136812."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32588-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307823"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3021894"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00201-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-020-08690-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.2020.05.0201"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.14.0660"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","volume-title":"When air quality becomes deleterious\u2014A case study for","author":"Henninger S.M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Henninger, S.M. 2013. When air quality becomes deleterious\u2014A case study for. Kigali, Rwanda."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e12390"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191710587"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01802-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","volume-title":"Statistics for management and economics","author":"Keller G.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Keller, G. 2014. Statistics for management and economics. 10th ed. Canada: Cengage Learning.","edition":"10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2012.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120708075"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0000000000000248"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11060583"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105041"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110048"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12989-019-0296-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2495\/EI-V4-N4-340-350"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18502\/japh.v7i1.8916","article-title":"Assessment of air pollution in the informal settlements of the Western Cape, South Africa","author":"Madonsela B.S.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Madonsela, B.S., T. Maphanga, B.S. Chidi, K. Shale, and V. Zungu. 2022. Assessment of air pollution in the informal settlements of the Western Cape, South Africa. J. Health. Pollut.","journal-title":"J. Health. Pollut."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Madonsela B.S. T. Maphanga and G. Mahlakwana 2023. Int. J. Environ. Res. 6 (1):37\u201347.","DOI":"10.18280\/ijei.060105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4209\/aaqr.200619"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","volume-title":"Measurement of Fines Particle Concentrations and estimation of Air Quality Index (AQI) over Northeast","author":"Mezoue C.A.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mezoue, C.A., Y.C. Ngangmo, A. Choudhary, S. Nguiya, A. Lenouo, and D. Monkam. 2022. Measurement of Fines Particle Concentrations and estimation of Air Quality Index (AQI) over Northeast. Douala, Cameroon. Environ. Monit. Assess. 195(8), 965."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14497-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010751"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013941"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0525.1000131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-017-0611-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.113645"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","first-page":"447","article-title":"A review on airborne particulate matter and its sources, chemical composition and impact on human respiratory system","volume":"5","author":"Nagar J.K.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagar, J.K., A.B. Akolkar, and R. Kumar. 2014. A review on airborne particulate matter and its sources, chemical composition and impact on human respiratory system. Int. J. Environ. Sci. 5 (2):447\u201363.","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/fje.v7i1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11316760-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu458"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2018.01.029","article-title":"The relationship among PM2. 5, traffic emissions, and socioeconomic status: Evidence from Gabon using low-cost, portable air quality monitors","volume":"68","author":"Ngo N.S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ngo, N.S., S.V.J. Asseko, M.O. Ebanega, S.M.A.O. Allo'o, and P. Hystad. 2019. The relationship among PM2. 5, traffic emissions, and socioeconomic status: Evidence from Gabon using low-cost, portable air quality monitors. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 68:2\u20139.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Spatial variability of ambient air pollution concentration in Dar es Salaam","volume":"4","author":"Njee R.M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Njee, R.M., K. Meliefste, H.M. Malebo, and G. Hoek. 2016. Spatial variability of ambient air pollution concentration in Dar es Salaam. J. Environ. Pollut. Hum. Health 4 (4):83\u201390.","journal-title":"J. Environ. Pollut. Hum. Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/jasem.v20i1.21"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14111351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.07.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","volume-title":"Analysis of surface ozone and its precursors with relevance to urban air pollution in Nairobi","author":"Okuku C.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Okuku, C. 2018. Analysis of surface ozone and its precursors with relevance to urban air pollution in Nairobi. J. Environ. Agric. Sci. 15: 28\u201342."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/oalib.1108428"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-013-0199-6"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.34115\/basrv6n6-003","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de particulas em suapens\u00e3o no ar derivados do tr\u00e1fico rodovi\u00e1rio na avenida de 21 de janeiro na cidade de Luanda: Evaluation of airborne concentrations of particulate matter derived from road traffic on the avenue 21 de janeiro in Luanda city","volume":"6","author":"Quintas L.J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Quintas, L.J., D. Janu\u00e1rio, and V. Victoriano. 2022. Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de particulas em suapens\u00e3o no ar derivados do tr\u00e1fico rodovi\u00e1rio na avenida de 21 de janeiro na cidade de Luanda: Evaluation of airborne concentrations of particulate matter derived from road traffic on the avenue 21 de janeiro in Luanda city. Braz. Appl. Sci. Rev. 6 (6):1450\u201367.","journal-title":"Braz. Appl. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7394"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raudoniute J. I. Kulvinskiene E. Bagdonas D. Martuzevicius A. Garbaras I. Stasiulaitiene and R. Aldonyte. 2019. Short-term effects of urban air pollution on human airway epithelium. Eur. Respir. Soc. 5: PP206. doi:10.1183\/23120541.lungscienceconference-2019.PP206","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.lungscienceconference-2019.PP206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2019.0881"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002255"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2019.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105299"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2381-8719.1000253"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14233\/ajchem.2017.20292"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1904"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17159\/caj\/2020\/30\/2.8023"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_79_1","article-title":"The chemical processes by artificial intelligence and machine learning","volume":"2","author":"Taheri K.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Taheri, K. 2020. The chemical processes by artificial intelligence and machine learning. Int. J. Mod. Eng. Technol. 2 (1):1\u20135.","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001277"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-10-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201204-0596PP"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/REVEH.2005.20.4.265"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_1","volume-title":"Billions of people still breathe unhealthy air: New WHO data","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2022. Billions of people still breathe unhealthy air: New WHO data. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.152372"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.156824"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10962247.2023.2248928","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T17:14:32Z","timestamp":1695230072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/10962247.2023.2248928"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/10962247.2023.2248928"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10962247.2023.2248928","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-2247","2162-2906"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-2247","type":"print"},{"value":"2162-2906","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=uawm20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=uawm20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2023-03-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}