{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T19:44:30Z","timestamp":1779306270414,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Decision Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/12460125.2020.1819094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T23:20:50Z","timestamp":1599780050000},"page":"260-278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":321,"title":["Transparency and trust in artificial intelligence systems"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amazon Research , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Biessmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amazon Research , Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Informatik und Medien,  Beuth University of Applied Sciences , Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Einstein Center Digital Future (ECDF) , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timm","family":"Teubner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Einstein Center Digital Future (ECDF) , Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Technology and Management,  TU Berlin , Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"cit0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2018.10.019"},{"key":"cit0002","first-page":"1","volume":"7199","author":"Ajzen I.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Psychology Review"},{"key":"cit0003","volume-title":"iNNvestigate neural networks!","author":"Alber M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"cit0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"key":"cit0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2016.2643"},{"key":"cit0006","first-page":"114","author":"Dietvorst B.J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"cit0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5819(03)00038-7"},{"key":"cit0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056"},{"key":"cit0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0483(00)00021-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"cit0010","first-page":"1","volume":"25","author":"Gefen D.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Information Systems Research"},{"key":"cit0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2979\/esj.2003.2.2.7"},{"key":"cit0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.539"},{"key":"cit0013","first-page":"1","author":"Grzymek V.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bertelsmann Stiftung"},{"key":"cit0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3236009"},{"key":"cit0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.067"},{"key":"cit0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2015.12.014"},{"key":"cit0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.358995"},{"key":"cit0018","volume-title":"Increasing trust in AI services through supplier\u2019s declarations of conformity","author":"Hind M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"cit0019","unstructured":"Horn, F. \n                     Arras, L. \n                     Montavon, G. \n                     M\u00fcller, K.R. & \n                     Samek, W.   (2017).  Exploring text datasets by visualizing relevant words  (Working paper) (pp. 1\u201310)."},{"key":"cit0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DASC.2017.8102010"},{"key":"cit0021","first-page":"1","author":"Koene A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Parliamentary Research Service"},{"key":"cit0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08987-4"},{"key":"cit0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551505055399"},{"key":"cit0024","first-page":"96","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ICML Workshop on Human Interpretability in Machine Learning","author":"Lipton Z.C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"cit0025","first-page":"1","volume-title":"31st Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems","author":"Lundberg S.M.","year":"2017"},{"key":"cit0026","first-page":"142","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","author":"Maas A.L.","year":"2011"},{"key":"cit0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.1995.9508080335"},{"key":"cit0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2017.10.011"},{"key":"cit0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.28.2.51"},{"key":"cit0030","first-page":"334","volume-title":"ICCS 2019 Proceedings","author":"Pacaci G.","year":"2019"},{"key":"cit0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbef.2017.12.004"},{"key":"cit0032","volume-title":"Would you let an algorithm choose the next U.S. president?","author":"Polonski V.","year":"2016"},{"key":"cit0033","volume-title":"Humans don\u2019t trust AI predictions - Here\u2019s how to fix it","author":"Polonski V.","year":"2018"},{"key":"cit0034","unstructured":"Poursabzi-Sangdeh, F. \n                     Goldstein, D.G. \n                     Hofman, J.M. \n                     Vaughan, J.W. & \n                     Wallach, H.   (2018).  Manipulating and measuring model interpretability  (Working paper) (pp. 1\u201320)."},{"key":"cit0035","volume-title":"Don\u2019t try and beat AI, merge with it says chess champ Garry Kasparov","author":"Quach K.","year":"2018"},{"key":"cit0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1138-y"},{"key":"cit0037","first-page":"1","volume-title":"NIPS 2015 Proceedings","author":"Ren S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"cit0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/N16-3020"},{"key":"cit0039","first-page":"1","author":"Rohde N.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bertelsmann Stiftung"},{"key":"cit0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-28954-6"},{"key":"cit0041","first-page":"1","volume-title":"AAAI 2019 Proceedings","author":"Schmidt P.","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"cit0042","first-page":"47","volume":"31","author":"Siau K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cutter Business Technology Journal"},{"key":"cit0043","unstructured":"Simonyan, K. \n                     Vedaldi, A. & \n                     Zisserman, A.   (2013).  Deep inside convolutional networks: Visualising image classification models and saliency maps  (Working paper) (pp. 1\u20138)."},{"key":"cit0044","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ICIS 2012 Proceedings","author":"S\u00f6llner M.","year":"2012"},{"key":"cit0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2349359"},{"key":"cit0046","first-page":"4278","volume-title":"AAAI 2017 Proceedings","author":"Szegedy C.","year":"2017"},{"key":"cit0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926"},{"key":"cit0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17705\/1jais.00428"},{"key":"cit0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obhdp.2003.08.002"},{"key":"cit0050","volume-title":"A popular algorithm is no better at predicting crimes than random people","author":"Yong E.","year":"2018"},{"key":"cit0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10590-1_53"},{"key":"cit0052","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ICLR 2017 Proceedings","author":"Zhang C.","year":"2017"},{"key":"cit0053","first-page":"1","volume-title":"ECIS 2019 Proceedings","author":"Zhao R.","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Journal of Decision Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/12460125.2020.1819094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,17]],"date-time":"2020-11-17T08:12:36Z","timestamp":1605600756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/12460125.2020.1819094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/12460125.2020.1819094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/12460125.2020.1819094","relation":{},"ISSN":["1246-0125","2116-7052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1246-0125","type":"print"},{"value":"2116-7052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjds20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjds20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2019-10-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-09-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}