{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T10:53:47Z","timestamp":1772708027168,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Geographical Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/13658810412331280158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,25]],"date-time":"2005-02-25T20:14:53Z","timestamp":1109362493000},"page":"293-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Enabling collaborative geoinformation access and decision\u2010making through a natural, multimodal interface"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"A. M.","family":"MacEachren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Rauschert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Brewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bolelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Shaparenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fuhrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn State University","place":["USA"]}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","first-page":"pp. 19\u201337","article-title":"Extending geographic information systems to meet neighborhood planning needs: the case of three Chicago communities.","volume":"12","author":"Al\u2010Kodmany K","year":"2000","unstructured":"Al\u2010Kodmany , K . 2000 . Extending geographic information systems to meet neighborhood planning needs: the case of three Chicago communities. . URISA Journal , 12 : pp. 19\u201337","journal-title":"URISA Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","first-page":"pp. 27\u201337","article-title":"Towards conversational human\u2013computer interaction.","volume":"22","author":"Allen J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Allen , J , Byron , D , Dzikovska , M , Ferguson , G , Galescu , L and Stent , A . 2001 . Towards conversational human\u2013computer interaction. . AI Magazine , 22 : pp. 27\u201337","journal-title":"AI Magazine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","first-page":"pp. 343\u2013354","volume-title":"Cognitive Aspects of Human\u2013Computer Interaction for Geographic Information Systems\n                  Kluwer Academic","author":"Armstrong MP","year":"1995","unstructured":"Armstrong MP Densham PJ A conceptual framework for improving human\u2013computer interaction in locational decison\u2010making. 1995 In Cognitive Aspects of Human\u2013Computer Interaction for Geographic Information Systems M.J. Egenhofer (Ed.), pp. 343\u2013354 Dordrecht Kluwer Academic"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.2000.0426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","first-page":"pp. 211\u2013216","volume-title":"AVI2000\u2014Advanced Visual Databases, Salerno","author":"Blaser A","year":"2000","unstructured":"Blaser A Egenhofer M A visual tool for querying geographic databases. 2000 In AVI2000\u2014Advanced Visual Databases, Salerno Salerno, Italy, May 2000 pp. 211\u2013216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Geographic Objects With Indeterminate Boundaries\n                  Taylor & Francis","author":"Burrough PA","year":"1996","unstructured":"Burrough PA Frank AU (Eds.) 1996 Geographic Objects With Indeterminate Boundaries London Taylor & Francis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","first-page":"pp. 287\u2013300","volume-title":"COSIT 2003: Conference on Spatial Information Theory, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 2825","author":"Cai G","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cai G Wang H MacEachren A Communicating vague spatial concepts in human\u2013GIS interactions: a collaborative dialogue approach. 2003 In COSIT 2003: Conference on Spatial Information Theory, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 2825 Ittingen, Switzerland, 24\u201328 September pp. 287\u2013300"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jvlc.2000.0179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","first-page":"pp. 329\u2013334","volume-title":"ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u2014CHI'92","author":"Codella C","year":"1992","unstructured":"Codella C Jalili R Koved L Lewis JB Ling DT Lipscomb JS Rabenhorst DA Wang CP Norton A Sweeney P Turk G Interactive simulation in a multi\u2010person virtual world. 1992 In ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems\u2014CHI'92 pp. 329\u2013334"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","first-page":"pp. 2293\u20132298","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (IJCNN'02)","author":"Corradini AC","year":"2002","unstructured":"Corradini AC Cohen PR Multimodal speech\u2013gesture interface for handfree painting on a virtual paper using partial recurrent neural networks as gesture recognizer. 2002 In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Neural Networks (IJCNN'02) Honolulu, HI, 12\u201317 May 2002 pp. 2293\u20132298"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"NCGIA Initiative 17 on Collaborative Spatial Decision\u2010Making\n                  NCGIA","author":"Densham PJ","year":"1995","unstructured":"Densham PJ Armstrong MP Kemp KK 1995 NCGIA Initiative 17 on Collaborative Spatial Decision\u2010Making Santa Barbara CA NCGIA"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","first-page":"pp. 785\u2013799","volume-title":"International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling","author":"Egenhofer MJ","year":"1996","unstructured":"Egenhofer MJ Multi\u2010modal spatial querying. 1996 In International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling Delft, The Netherlands pp. 785\u2013799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jvlc.1997.0054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799508902030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","volume-title":"Spatial and Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Information Systems\n                  Oxford University Press","author":"Egenhofer MJ","year":"1998","unstructured":"Egenhofer MJ Golledge RG 1998 Spatial and Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Information Systems New York Oxford University Press"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/0004-5608.00242"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(99)00009-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","first-page":"pp. 8A.1\u20138A.15","volume-title":"International Conference on Spatial Data Handling","author":"Florence J","year":"1996","unstructured":"Florence J Hornsby K Egenhofer MJ The GIS Wallboad: interactions with spatial information on large\u2010scale display. 1996 In International Conference on Spatial Data Handling pp. 8A.1\u20138A.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","first-page":"pp. 147\u2013163","volume-title":"Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications\n                  Longman","author":"Frank AU","year":"1991","unstructured":"Frank AU Mark DM Language issues for GIS. 1991 In Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Applications D.W. Rhind (Ed.),, Vol. 1 pp. 147\u2013163 London Longman"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0097-8493(94)90157-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","first-page":"pp. 56\u201378","volume-title":"Geographic Database Management Systems\n                  Springer","author":"Gargano M","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gargano M Nardelli E Talamo M A model for complex data: Completeness and soundness properties. 1992 In Geographic Database Management Systems G. Gambosi, M. Scholl and H.\u2010W. Six (Eds.), pp. 56\u201378 Berlin Springer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","first-page":"pp. 1\u201318","article-title":"Multilingual spoken\u2010language understanding in the MIT Voyager system.","volume":"17","author":"Glass J","year":"1995","unstructured":"Glass , J , Flammia , G , Goodine , D , Phillips , M , Polifroni , J , Sakai , S , Seneff , S and Ze , V . 1995 . Multilingual spoken\u2010language understanding in the MIT Voyager system. . Speech Communications '95 , 17 : pp. 1\u201318","journal-title":"Speech Communications '95"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","first-page":"pp. 1\u20138","article-title":"Future directions in geographic information science.","volume":"5","author":"Goodchild MF","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goodchild , MF . 1999 . Future directions in geographic information science. . Geographic Information Science , 5 : pp. 1\u20138","journal-title":"Geographic Information Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(95)00103-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","first-page":"pp. 175\u2013204","article-title":"Attention, intentions, and the structure of discourse.","volume":"12","author":"Grosz BJ","year":"1986","unstructured":"Grosz , BJ and Sidner , CL . 1986 . Attention, intentions, and the structure of discourse. . Computational Linguistics , 12 : pp. 175\u2013204","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","first-page":"pp. 417\u2013444","volume-title":"Intentions in Communication\n                  MIT Press","author":"Grosz BJ","year":"1990","unstructured":"Grosz BJ Sidner CL Plans for discourse. 1990 In Intentions in Communication M.E. Pollack (Ed.), pp. 417\u2013444 Cambridge MA MIT Press"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80034-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"Interface for a Planning Workbench","author":"Hopkins LD","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hopkins LD Ramanathan R George RV 2001 Interface for a Planning Workbench Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Illinois at Urbana\u2010Champaign. Available at http:\/\/www.rehearsal.uiuc.edu\/DesignWorkSpace\/ [2001, Nov. 4, 2001]"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","volume-title":"Geographic Information Systems for Group Decision Making: Towards a Participatory, Geographic Information Science\n                  Taylor & Francis","author":"Jankowski P","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jankowski P Nyerges T 2001 Geographic Information Systems for Group Decision Making: Towards a Participatory, Geographic Information Science New York Taylor & Francis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588197242202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ijhc.2000.0424"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","volume-title":"ARL Federate Laboratory 4th Annual Symposium","author":"Kettebekov S","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kettebekov S Krahnst\u00f6ver N Leas M Polat E Raju H Schapira E Sharma R i2Map: Crisis Management using a Multimodal Interface. 2000 In ARL Federate Laboratory 4th Annual Symposium March, 2000, College Park, MD"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","first-page":"pp. 205\u2013224","article-title":"Understanding gestures in a multimodal human computer interaction.","volume":"9","author":"Kettebekov S","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kettebekov , S and Sharma , R . 2000 . Understanding gestures in a multimodal human computer interaction. . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools , 9 : pp. 205\u2013224","journal-title":"International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Tools"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","first-page":"pp. 453\u2013454","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI '94 Conference","author":"Koons DB","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koons DB Sparell CJ Iconic: speech and depictive gestures at the human\u2013machine interface. 1994 In Proceedings of the CHI '94 Conference pp. 453\u2013454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","first-page":"pp. 349\u2013354","volume-title":"Fourth International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI)","author":"Krahnstoever N","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krahnstoever N Kettebekov S Yeasin M Sharma R A real\u2010time framework for natural multimodal interaction with large screen displays. 2002 In Fourth International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI) Pittsburgh, PA, 14\u201316 October pp. 349\u2013354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","first-page":"pp. 81\u2013124","volume-title":"GIS and Libraries: Patrons, Maps and Spatial Information","author":"Larson RR","year":"1996","unstructured":"Larson RR Geographic information retrieval and spatial browsing. 1996 In M. Gluck (Ed.), GIS and Libraries: Patrons, Maps and Spatial Information pp. 81\u2013124 Urbana\u2010Champaign: University of Illinois"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","first-page":"pp. 525\u2013572","article-title":"A collaborative planning model of intentional structure.","volume":"24","author":"Lochbaum KE","year":"1998","unstructured":"Lochbaum , KE . 1998 . A collaborative planning model of intentional structure. . Computational Linguistics , 24 : pp. 525\u2013572","journal-title":"Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","first-page":"pp. 409\u2013414","volume-title":"CHI '89 Conference Proceedings","author":"Lokuge I","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lokuge I Ishizaki S Geospace: An interactive visualization system for exploring complex information spaces. 1995 In CHI '89 Conference Proceedings 1995, New York pp. 409\u2013414"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/030913200701540528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/030913201680191763"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588199241003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","first-page":"pp. 1427\u20131430","article-title":"Interacting with geographic information: A commentary.","volume":"57","author":"Mark DM","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mark , DM and Gould , MD . 1991 . Interacting with geographic information: A commentary. . Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing , 57 : pp. 1427\u20131430","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","first-page":"pp. II\u2010101\u2013112","article-title":"Spatial terms and spatial concepts: Geographic, cognitive, and linguistic perspectives.","author":"Mark DM","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mark DM Svorou S Zubin D Spatial terms and spatial concepts: Geographic, cognitive, and linguistic perspectives. 1987 In International Geographic Information Systems (IGIS) Symposium: The Research Adgenda, Proceedings, Vol. I: Overview of Research Needs and the Research Adgenda 15\u201318 November 1989, Arlington, VA pp. II\u2010101\u2013112","journal-title":"International Geographic Information Systems (IGIS) Symposium: The Research Adgenda, Proceedings, Vol. I: Overview of Research Needs and the Research Adgenda"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-8141(94)00081-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","volume-title":"IT Roadmap to a Geospatial Future, Report of the Committee on Intersections Between Geospatial Information and Information Technology\n                  National Academies Press","author":"Muntz RR","year":"2003","unstructured":"Muntz RR Barclay T Dozier J Faloutsos C MacEachren AM Martin JL Pancake CM Satyanarayanan M 2003 IT Roadmap to a Geospatial Future, Report of the Committee on Intersections Between Geospatial Information and Information Technology Washington DC National Academies Press"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","first-page":"pp. 11\u201344","volume-title":"Architectures for Intelligent Interfaces: Elements and Prototypes\n                  Addison\u2010Wesley","author":"Neal JG","year":"1991","unstructured":"Neal JG Shapiro SC Intelligent multi\u2010media interface technology. 1991 In Architectures for Intelligent Interfaces: Elements and Prototypes A.W. Tyler (Ed.). Reading MA Addison\u2010Wesley pp. 11\u201344"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","first-page":"pp. 38\u201351","volume-title":"Reading in Intelligent User Interfaces\n                  Morgan Kauffman","author":"Neal JG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Neal JG Thielman CY Dobes Z Haller SM Shapiro SC Natural language with integrated deictic and graphic gestures. 1998 In Reading in Intelligent User Interfaces M.T. Maybury and W. Wahlster (Eds.), pp. 38\u201351 San Francisco CA Morgan Kauffman"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","volume-title":"Proceedings, 1st Conference on Spatial Multimedia and Virtual Reality","author":"Nobre E","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nobre E C\u00e2mara A Spatial simulation by sketch. 1995 In Proceedings, 1st Conference on Spatial Multimedia and Virtual Reality Lisbon, Portugal, 18\u201320 October"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","first-page":"pp. 225\u2013259","article-title":"Enhanced adaptive structuration theory: A theory of GIS\u2010supported collaborative decision making.","volume":"4","author":"Nyerges TL","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nyerges , TL and Jankowski , P . 1997 . Enhanced adaptive structuration theory: A theory of GIS\u2010supported collaborative decision making. . Geographical Systems , 4 : pp. 225\u2013259","journal-title":"Geographical Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Aspects of Human\u2013Computer Interaction for Geographic Information Systems\n                  Kluwer","author":"Nyerges TL","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nyerges TL Mark DM Laurini R Egenhofer M (Eds.) 1995 Cognitive Aspects of Human\u2013Computer Interaction for Geographic Information Systems Dordrecht Kluwer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","first-page":"pp. 95\u2013102","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'96)","author":"Oviatt S","year":"1996","unstructured":"Oviatt S Multimodal interfaces for dynamic interactive maps. 1996 In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'96) pp. 95\u2013102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci1201&2_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.598226"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","first-page":"pp. 317\u2013340","volume-title":"Cognitive Task Analysis\n                  Erlbaum","author":"Potter SS","year":"2000","unstructured":"Potter SS Roth EM Woods DD Elm WC Bootstrapping multiple converging cognitive task analysis techniques for system design. 2000 In Cognitive Task Analysis J.M. Schraagen and V.L. Shalin (Eds.), pp. 317\u2013340 Mahwah NJ Erlbaum"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","volume-title":"Cognitive Engineering: Concepts and Applications\n                  Wiley","author":"Rasmussen J","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rasmussen J Pejtersen AM Goodstein LP 1994 Cognitive Engineering: Concepts and Applications New York Wiley"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_57_1","volume-title":"ACM International Symposium on Advances in Geographical Information Systems","author":"Rauschert I","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rauschert I Agrawal P Fuhrmann S Brewer I Sharma R Cai G MacEachren A Designing a user\u2010centered, multimodal GIS interface to support emergency management. 2002 In ACM International Symposium on Advances in Geographical Information Systems McLean, VA, 8\u20139 November 2002, pp. 119\u2013124"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_58_1","first-page":"pp. 239\u2013281","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Nonverbal Behavior\n                  Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge","author":"Rime B","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rime B Schiaratura L Gesture and speech. 1991 In Fundamentals of Nonverbal Behavior R. Feldman and B. Rime (Eds.), pp. 239\u2013281 New York Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_59_1","first-page":"pp. 291\u2013310","article-title":"An introduction to the human applications standard computer interface, part 1: Theory and principles.","volume":"7","author":"Ruthkowski C","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ruthkowski , C . 1982 . An introduction to the human applications standard computer interface, part 1: Theory and principles. . Byte , 7 : pp. 291\u2013310","journal-title":"Byte"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_60_1","first-page":"pp. 970\u2013986","article-title":"Human\u2013computer interaction\u2014whence and whither?","volume":"48","author":"Shackel B","year":"1997","unstructured":"Shackel , B . 1997 . Human\u2013computer interaction\u2014whence and whither? . Jounal of American Society of Information Science , 48 : pp. 970\u2013986","journal-title":"Jounal of American Society of Information Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(00)00043-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_62_1","volume-title":"Linking Arc\/INFO with SNACTor, Technical Paper 91\u201011\n                  National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis","author":"Shapiro SC","year":"1991","unstructured":"Shapiro SC Chalupski CH Chou HC 1991 Linking Arc\/INFO with SNACTor, Technical Paper 91\u201011 Santa Barbara CA National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_63_1","first-page":"pp. 422\u2013427","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Face and Gesture Recognition","author":"Sharma R","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sharma R Cai J Poddar I Chakravarthy S Exlpoiting speech\/gesture co\u2010occurrence for improving continuous gesture recognition in weather narration. 2000 In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Face and Gesture Recognition March 2000, Grenoble, France pp. 422\u2013427"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.664275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_65_1","first-page":"pp. 35\u201339","volume-title":"Proceedings of ARL Advanced Displays Annual Symposium","author":"Sharma R","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sharma R Poddar I Ozyildiz E Kettebekov S Kim H Huang TS Toward interpretation of natural speech\/gesture: spatial planning on a virtual map. 1999 In Proceedings of ARL Advanced Displays Annual Symposium Adelphi, MD pp. 35\u201339"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_66_1","first-page":"pp. 89\u201394","article-title":"The evolution of public participation GIS.","volume":"25","author":"Shiffer MJ","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shiffer , MJ . 1998 . The evolution of public participation GIS. . Cartography and Geographic Information Systems , 25 : pp. 89\u201394","journal-title":"Cartography and Geographic Information Systems"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_67_1","volume-title":"Designing the User Interface\u2014Strategies for Effective Human\u2013Computer Interaction\n                  Addison\u2010Wesley Longman","author":"Shneiderman B","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shneiderman B 1998 Designing the User Interface\u2014Strategies for Effective Human\u2013Computer Interaction (3rd ed.) Reading MA Addison\u2010Wesley Longman"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1559\/152304001782173998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_69_1","first-page":"pp. 79\u2013102","volume-title":"Geographic Database Management Systems\n                  Springer","author":"Smith TR","year":"1992","unstructured":"Smith TR Ramakrishnan R Voisard A Object\u2010based data model and deductive language for spatio\u2010temporal database applications. 1992 In Geographic Database Management Systems H.\u2010W. Six (Ed.), pp. 79\u2013102 Berlin Springer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.735811"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_71_1","first-page":"pp. 411\u2013413","volume-title":"CSCW '98","author":"Stieiti NA","year":"1998","unstructured":"Stieiti NA Hdopf V Ishii H Kaplan S Moran TP Cooperative Buildings\u2010 Integrating Information, Organization and Architecture. 1998 In CSCW '98 Seattle, WA, 1998 pp. 411\u2013413"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-7051(95)98369-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b12457","volume-title":"Cognitive Work Analysis: Toward Safe, Productive, and Healthy Computer\u2010Based Work\n                  Erlbaum","author":"Vicente KJ","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vicente KJ 1999 Cognitive Work Analysis: Toward Safe, Productive, and Healthy Computer\u2010Based Work Mahwah NJ Erlbaum"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_74_1","first-page":"pp. 69\u201370","volume-title":"Proceedings of the CHI'94 Summary Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Vo MT","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vo MT Waibel A A multimodal human computer interface: Combination of gesture and speech recognition. 1994 In Proceedings of the CHI'94 Summary Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems pp. 69\u201370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_75_1","first-page":"pp. 213\u2013225","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Man\u2013Machine Symbiotic Systems","author":"Wahlster W","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wahlster W SmartKom: fusion and fission of speech, gestures, and facial expressions. 2002 In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Man\u2013Machine Symbiotic Systems Kyoto, Japan pp. 213\u2013225"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408901991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_77_1","first-page":"pp. 51\u201358","volume-title":"Proceedings IEEE 1995 Symposium on Information Visualization","author":"Wise J","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wise J Thomas J Pennock K Lantrip D Pottier M Schur A Crow V Visualizing the non\u2010visual: spatial analysis and interaction with information from text documents. 1995 In Proceedings IEEE 1995 Symposium on Information Visualization Atlanta, GA pp. 51\u201358"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_78_1","first-page":"pp. 645\u2013655","article-title":"GIPSY: Geo\u2010referenced information processing system.","volume":"45","author":"Woodruff AG","year":"1994","unstructured":"Woodruff , AG and Plaunt , C . 1994 . GIPSY: Geo\u2010referenced information processing system. . Journal of the American Society for Information Science , 45 : pp. 645\u2013655","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_79_1","first-page":"pp. 1317\u20131320","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ICSLP","author":"Zue V","year":"1990","unstructured":"Zue V Glass J Goddeau D Goodine D Leung H McCandless M Phillips M Polfroni J Seneff S Whitney D Recent progress on the MIT voyager spoken language system. 1990 In Proceedings of the ICSLP pp. 1317\u20131320"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.880078"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Geographical Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13658810412331280158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T09:57:07Z","timestamp":1772704627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/13658810412331280158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/13658810412331280158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13658810412331280158","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-8816","1362-3087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-8816","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-3087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}}}