{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:04:17Z","timestamp":1772805857628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Geographical Information Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/136588198241581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T11:43:05Z","timestamp":1027683785000},"page":"651-671","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["GIS-based urban modelling: practices, problems, and prospects"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"DANIEL Z.","family":"SU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2747\/0272-3638.18.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"737","article-title":"A model-based GIS approach for urban development simulation","volume":"2","author":"Su D. Z.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Su , D. Z. and L , C. P. 1992 . A model-based GIS approach for urban development simulation . GIS\/LIS'92 , 2 : 737 \u2013 746 .","journal-title":"GIS\/LIS'92"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799608902102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030913259602000302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"833","article-title":"A feature-based geographic information system model","volume":"62","author":"USER E. L.","year":"1996","unstructured":"USER , E. L. 1996 . A feature-based geographic information system model . Photogramme trie Engineering and Remote Sensing , 62 : 833 \u2013 838 .","journal-title":"Photogramme trie Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944369408975547"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408902008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"GIS: A computing perspectiv","author":"WORBOY M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"WORBOY , M. 1995 . GIS: A computing perspectiv , London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Application","author":"GATREL A. C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"GATREL , A. C. 1991 . \u201c Concepts of space and geographical data \u201d . In Geographical Information Systems: Principles and Application , Edited by: Maguir , D. J. , Goodchil , M. F. and Rhin , D. W. 119 \u2013 134 . London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Integrating dynamic modeling with geographic information systems","volume":"4","author":"GAZELTO N. W. J.","year":"1992","unstructured":"GAZELTO , N. W. J. , LEAH , F. J. and WILLIAMSO , I. P. 1992 . Integrating dynamic modeling with geographic information systems . Journal of Urban and Regional Information Systems , 4 : 47 \u2013 58 .","journal-title":"Journal of Urban and Regional Information Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799508902025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2046(94)90064-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Spatial Behavior, a Geographic Perspectiv","author":"GOLLEDG R. G.","year":"1997","unstructured":"GOLLEDG , R. G. and STIMSO , R. J. 1997 . Spatial Behavior, a Geographic Perspectiv , New York : Guilford ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799208901893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799208901923"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Environmental Modeling with GI","author":"GOODCHIL M. F.","year":"1993","unstructured":"GOODCHIL , M. F. and PARK , B. O. 1993 . Environmental Modeling with GI , Edited by: STEYAER , L. T. New York : Oxford University Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issue","author":"GOODCHIL M. F.","year":"1996","unstructured":"GOODCHIL , M. F. and PARK , B. O. 1996 . GIS and Environmental Modeling: Progress and Research Issue , Edited by: STEYAER , L. T. New York : Oxford University Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Telecommunications and the city: electronic spaces, urban place","author":"GRAHA S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"GRAHA , S. and MARVI , S. 1996 . Telecommunications and the city: electronic spaces, urban place , London : Routledge ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01581480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0739456X9301200302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799008941547"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"The Illustrated A Brief History of Tim","author":"HAWKIN S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"HAWKIN , S. 1996 . The Illustrated A Brief History of Tim , New York : Bantam Books ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2046(94)90065-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Out of Control: The new biology of machine","author":"KELL K.","year":"1994","unstructured":"KELL , K. 1994 . Out of Control: The new biology of machine , London : Fourth Estate ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"An analysis of transformations in the San Francisco Bay\/Sacramento area","volume":"6","author":"KIRTLAN D.","year":"1994","unstructured":"KIRTLAN , D. , GAYDO , L. , CLARK , K. , DE COL , L. , ACEVED , W. and BEL , C. 1994 . An analysis of transformations in the San Francisco Bay\/Sacramento area . World Resource Review , 6 : 206 \u2013 217 .","journal-title":"World Resource Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030913259301700309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944369508975656"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Time in Geographic Information System","author":"LANGRA G.","year":"1992","unstructured":"LANGRA , G. 1992 . Time in Geographic Information System , London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944367308977851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"The Social Production of Spac","author":"LEFEBVR H.","year":"1991","unstructured":"LEFEBVR , H. 1991 . The Social Production of Spac , Oxford : Blackwell ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588198241626"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"GIS for Business and Service Plannin","author":"LONGLE P.","year":"1995","unstructured":"LONGLE , P. 1995 . GIS for Business and Service Plannin , Edited by: CLARK , G. Cambridge, , UK : Geolnformation International ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS environmen","author":"MACMILLA B.","year":"1996","unstructured":"MACMILLA , B. 1996 . \u201c Fun and games: Serious toys for city modeling in a GIS environment \u201d . In Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS environmen , Edited by: Longle , Paul and Batt , Michael . 153 \u2013 166 . London : Taylor & Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Common-sense geography: Foundations for intuitive geographic information system","author":"MAR D. M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"MAR , D. M. and EGENHOFE , M. J. 1996 . Common-sense geography: Foundations for intuitive geographic information system"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"OGIS spans distributed computing platforms","volume":"9","author":"McKE L.","year":"1996","unstructured":"McKE , L. 1996 . OGIS spans distributed computing platforms . GIS World , 9 : 56","journal-title":"GIS World"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799108927856"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1847.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Advancing Geographic Information Science:An Research Agend","author":"NCGIA","year":"1996","unstructured":"NCGIA . 1996a . Advancing Geographic Information Science:An Research Agend"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"NCIGA Research Initiative 19 Proposa","author":"NCGIA","year":"1996","unstructured":"NCGIA . 1996b . \u201c The social implications of how people, space, and environment are represented in GIS \u201d . In NCIGA Research Initiative 19 Proposa"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-77509-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"240","volume-title":"The Geography of Urban Transportation","author":"NYERGE T. L.","year":"1995","unstructured":"NYERGE , T. L. 1995 . \u201c Geographic information system support for urban\/regional transportation analysis \u201d . In The Geography of Urban Transportation , (2nd edition) , Edited by: Hanso , S. 240 \u2013 268 . New York : Guildford .","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8330.1974.tb00613.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"123","volume-title":"Innovations in GI","author":"OPENSHA S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"OPENSHA , S. 1994 . \u201c A concept-rich approach to spatial analysis: Theory generation and scientific discovery in GIS using massively parallel computing \u201d . In Innovations in GI , Edited by: Worboy , M. F. 123 \u2013 138 . London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"Times, Spaces, and Place","author":"PARK D.","year":"1980","unstructured":"PARK , D. and THRIF , N. 1980 . Times, Spaces, and Place , New York : John Wiley and Sons ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Geographical Information Systems: Principles and application","author":"OPENSHA S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"OPENSHA , S. 1991 . \u201c Developing appropriate spatial analysis methods for GIS \u201d . In Geographical Information Systems: Principles and application , Edited by: Maguir , D. J. , Goodchil , M. F. and Rhin , D. W. 389 \u2013 402 . London : Longman ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Shadows of the Mind: A search for the missing science of consciousnes","author":"PENROS R.","year":"1994","unstructured":"PENROS , R. 1994 . Shadows of the Mind: A search for the missing science of consciousnes , New York : Oxford University Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.1988.tb00214.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8306.1994.tb01869.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Ground Truth: The Social Implications of Geographic Information System","author":"PICKLE J.","year":"1995","unstructured":"PICKLE , J. , ed. 1995 . Ground Truth: The Social Implications of Geographic Information System , New York : The Guilford Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Integrated Urban Models","author":"PUTMA S.","year":"1992","unstructured":"PUTMA , S. 1992 . Integrated Urban Models , London : Pion Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Spatial Analysis and GI","author":"RALSTO B. A.","year":"1994","unstructured":"RALSTO , B. A. 1994 . \u201c Object oriented spatial analysis \u201d . In Spatial Analysis and GI , Edited by: Fotheringha , A. S. and Rogerso , P. 165 \u2013 186 . London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203301227"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799508902044"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-9715(86)90005-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-16433-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/a110853"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Spatial Analytical Perspectives on GI","author":"RO G. G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"RO , G. G. and SNICKAR , F. 1996 . \u201c CityLife: A study of cellular automata in urban dynamics \u201d . In Spatial Analytical Perspectives on GI , Edited by: Fische , M. , Scholte , H. J. and Un , D. 213 \u2013 228 . London : Taylor & Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-9715(93)90003-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2747\/0272-3638.15.3.258"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408901984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408901988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b190663"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","series-title":"Technical Report 96-10","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Spatial Technologies, Geographic Information, and the City, compiled by H. Coucleli","author":"Su D. Z.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Su , D. Z. 1996 . \u201c Urban forms, urban processes, and urban policies: a research agenda for the metropolis in the 21st century \u201d . In Spatial Technologies, Geographic Information, and the City, compiled by H. Coucleli , Technical Report 96-10 210 \u2013 213 . Santa Barbara, CA : NCGIA ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01581478"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Linking GIS and spatial data analysis in practice","volume":"1","author":"ANSELI L.","year":"1993","unstructured":"ANSELI , L. , DODSO , R. F. and HUDAK , S. 1993 . Linking GIS and spatial data analysis in practice . Geographical Systems , 1 : 2 \u2013 23 .","journal-title":"Geographical Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Recent Developments in Spatial Analysi","author":"ANSELI L.","year":"1997","unstructured":"ANSELI , L. and BA , S. 1997 . \u201c Exploratory spatial data analysis: Linking SpaceStat and ArcView \u201d . In Recent Developments in Spatial Analysi , Edited by: Fische , M. and Geti , A. Berlin : Springer-Verlag . in press"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","first-page":"147","volume-title":"Remodelling Geograph","author":"BATT M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"BATT , M. 1989 . \u201c Urban modeling and planning: Reflections, retrodictions, and prescriptions \u201d . In Remodelling Geograph , Edited by: Macmilla , B. 147 \u2013 169 . Oxford : Basil Blackwell ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944369408975546"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","volume-title":"Keynote Address for the Fourth International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management","author":"BATT M.","unstructured":"BATT , M. The computable city . Keynote Address for the Fourth International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management . JuIy 11\u201314 1995 , Melbourne, Australia."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","volume-title":"Fractal Cities: a Geometry of Form and Functio","author":"BATT M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"BATT , M. and LONGLE , P. 1994 . Fractal Cities: a Geometry of Form and Functio , London : Academic Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Spatial Analysis and GI","author":"BATT M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"BATT , M. and XI , Y. C. 1994 b . \u201c Urban analysis in a GIS environment: population density modeling using ARC\/INFO \u201d . In Spatial Analysis and GI , Edited by: Fotheringha , S. and Rogerso , P. 189 \u2013 220 . London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/b21S031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","volume-title":"Urban Dynamic","author":"BERTUGLI C. S.","year":"1990","unstructured":"BERTUGLI , C. S. and LEONARD , G. 1990 . Urban Dynamic , Edited by: WILSO , A. G. London : Routledge ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799408902001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Geographic Information Systems: Development and Application","author":"BIRKI M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"BIRKI , M. , CLAR , G , CLAR , M. and WILSO , A. G. 1990 . \u201c Elements of a model-based GIS for evaluation of urban policy \u201d . In Geographic Information Systems: Development and Application , Edited by: Worral , L. 131 \u2013 162 . London : Belhaven ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","first-page":"207","volume-title":"Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS environmen","author":"BIRKI M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"BIRKI , M. 1996 . \u201c Retail location modeling in GIS \u201d . In Spatial Analysis: Modeling in a GIS environmen , Edited by: Longle , P. and Batt , M. 207 \u2013 228 . London : Taylor & Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","volume-title":"Intelligent GIS: Location decisions and strategic plannin","author":"BIRKI M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"BIRKI , M. , CLARK , G , CLARK , M. and WILSO , A. G. 1996 . Intelligent GIS: Location decisions and strategic plannin , Cambridge, , UK : Geolnformation International ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/143932"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"Integrating urban information systems and spatial models","volume":"17","author":"BRAI R. K","year":"1990","unstructured":"BRAI , R. K . 1990 . Integrating urban information systems and spatial models . Environment and Planning B. , 17 : 381 \u2013 394 .","journal-title":"Environment and Planning B."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-9715(93)90042-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02693799508902028"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","volume-title":"The Informational Cit","author":"CASTELL M.","year":"1989","unstructured":"CASTELL , M. 1989 . The Informational Cit , Oxford : Blackwell ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","volume-title":"The Rise of Network Societ","author":"CASTELL M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"CASTELL , M. 1997 . The Rise of Network Societ , Oxford : Blackwell ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/136588198241617"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-1677-2_15","volume-title":"Geographic Information Systems for Urban and Regional Plannin","author":"CLARK M.","year":"1990","unstructured":"CLARK , M. 1990 . \u201c Geographical information systems and model-based analysis \u201d . In Geographic Information Systems for Urban and Regional Plannin , Edited by: Scholte , H. and Stillwel , S. 165 \u2013 175 . London : Kluwer Academic ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01463440"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Geography's Inner World","author":"COUCLELI H.","year":"1993","unstructured":"COUCLELI , H. 1993 . \u201c Location, place, region, and space \u201d . In Geography's Inner World , Edited by: Able , R. F. , Marcu , M. G. and Olso , J. M. 215 \u2013 233 . New Brunswick, NJ : Rutgers University Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","volume-title":"Technical Report 96-10","author":"COUCLELI H.","unstructured":"COUCLELI , H. Spatial Technologies, Geographic Information, and the City . Research Conference Report . Technical Report 96-10 , Santa Barbara, CA : NCGIA ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","volume-title":"In paper presented at the 1995 AAG Annual Meeting","author":"COUCLELI H.","unstructured":"COUCLELI , H. and TAKEYAM , M. Proximal space . In paper presented at the 1995 AAG Annual Meeting . March 3\u201311 , Chicago."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Concepts in Human Geograph","author":"CURR M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"CURR , M. 1996 . \u201c On space and spatial practice in contemporary geography \u201d . In Concepts in Human Geograph , Edited by: Earl , C. , Mathewso , K. and Kenze , M. S. 3 \u2013 32 . Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-9715(92)90050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","volume-title":"The Fabric of Realit","author":"DEUTSCH D.","year":"1997","unstructured":"DEUTSCH , D. 1997 . The Fabric of Realit , London : The Penguin Press ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, No. 988","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-60159-7","volume-title":"Spatial Information Theory: a theoretical basis for GI","author":"EGENHOFE M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"EGENHOFE , M. and MAR , D. M. 1995 . \u201c Naive geography \u201d . In Spatial Information Theory: a theoretical basis for GI , Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, No. 988 Edited by: Fran , A. U. and Kuh , W. 1 \u2013 15 . Berlin : Springer-Verlag ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","volume-title":"Interoperating geographic information systems: Request for approval in detai","author":"EGENHOFE M. J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"EGENHOFE , M. J. and GOODCHIL , M. F. 1997 . Interoperating geographic information systems: Request for approval in detai Available at"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01944369208975800"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_1","volume-title":"Spatial Analytical Perspectives on GI","author":"FISCHE M.","year":"1996","unstructured":"FISCHE , M. , SCHOLTE , H. J. and UNWI , D. 1996 . Spatial Analytical Perspectives on GI , London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_1","volume-title":"Position Paper for the International Workshop on Interoperable GIS","author":"EVAN J. D.","unstructured":"EVAN , J. D. Organizational and technological interoperability are intertwined in geographic information infrastructures: Evidence from sociological theory and empirical study . Position Paper for the International Workshop on Interoperable GIS . Available at"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Geographical information systems and spatial analysis","volume":"26","author":"FISCHE M. M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"FISCHE , M. M. and NIJKAM , P. 1992 . Geographical information systems and spatial analysis . Annals of Regional Science , 26 : 5 \u2013 17 .","journal-title":"Annals of Regional Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_1","volume-title":"Spatial Analysis and GI","author":"FOTHERINGHA A. S.","year":"1994","unstructured":"FOTHERINGHA , A. S. 1994 . Spatial Analysis and GI , Edited by: ROGERSO , P. A. London : Taylor and Francis ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-55966-3"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Geographical Information Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/136588198241581","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T10:11:16Z","timestamp":1770372676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/136588198241581"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/136588198241581"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/136588198241581","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-8816","1362-3087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-8816","type":"print"},{"value":"1362-3087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,11]]}}}