{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:47:58Z","timestamp":1792666078077,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]],"date-time":"2011-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1294272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":975,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Some people with schizophrenia are considered to have communication difficulties because of concomitant language impairment and\/or because of suppressed or \u2018unusual\u2019 communication skills due to the often\u2010chronic nature and manifestation of the illness process. Conversations with a person with schizophrenia pose many pragmatic challenges as they may include delusional talk or hallucinatory references considered irrelevant or inappropriate to ongoing conversation. Yet delusional talk and references to hallucinations are often an intrinsic part of the overall presentation in people with schizophrenia. The speech and language therapist (SLT) must be aware of the influence and function of these pragmatic challenges in therapeutic interactions with this client group. One way of increasing this awareness in this context is through an exploration of co\u2010constructed \u2018voices\u2019 in speech and language therapy (SLT) interactions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Aims:<\/jats:italic> This paper aims to explore the \u2018voices\u2019 in speech and language therapy interactions with clients with schizophrenia. Identifying and revealing voices as constructed or negotiated by participants should help to illuminate the construction of meaning and the nature of the therapeutic interaction in this context.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Main contribution:<\/jats:italic> The analysis of conversations between people with schizophrenia, a speech and language therapist, and speech and language therapy students during clinical sessions reveals \u2018voices\u2019 being aired in the interactions. These voices, described primarily as \u2018the voice of speech and language therapy\u2019 and \u2018the voice of the lived experience of schizophrenia\u2019, are jointly constructed and \u2018heard\u2019 to greater or lesser extents depending on the context of the interaction. The analysis illustrates that whereas the speech and language therapist's primary agenda is actively to engage the client in conversational interaction for assessment and therapeutic purposes (i.e. the voice of speech and language therapy), this is sometimes (but not always) at the cost of hushing other talk. This is especially the case when the talk is delusional and seemingly inappropriate within the clinician\u2010defined agenda. However, talk <jats:italic>about<\/jats:italic> the nature of the illness (and in particular hallucinations) and the potential impact on communication is compatible with the clinician's agenda and allowed to proceed. Therefore, the voice of the lived experience of schizophrenia is silenced <jats:italic>within<\/jats:italic> delusional talk, yet heard in talk <jats:italic>about<\/jats:italic> hallucinatory experiences and communication difficulties. It will be shown how these voices interact to illuminate the participants' agendas and define the therapeutic interaction in this context; that is to say, the therapist manipulates talk that fails to conform to specific speech and language therapy goals, preferring to promote and encourage agenda\u2010relevant talk.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> The analysis shows that the voice of SLT and the voice of the lived experience of schizophrenia are heard to greater or lesser extents, as determined by the context and content of the talk\u2010in\u2010interaction. However, the voice of SLT must blend with, rather than hush, the plurality of voices that characterise therapeutic interactions. An increased awareness of competing voices, as they struggle to be heard in SLT interactions, may prompt therapists to consider and evaluate their often agenda\u2010driven influence on the unfolding interactions we call \u2018therapy\u2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/13682820701698168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,23]],"date-time":"2008-04-23T20:57:45Z","timestamp":1208984265000},"page":"81-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Whose voice is it anyway? Hushing and hearing \u2018voices\u2019 in speech and language therapy interactions with people with chronic schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Irene P.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1979.01780120055007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"259","volume-title":"The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M. M. Bakhtin","author":"Bakhtin M.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Social Function in Psychiatry","author":"Casey P.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Discourse Analysis","author":"Coulthard M.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Schizophrenia: Understanding and Coping with the Illness","author":"Cutting J.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"Analysing Casual Conversation","author":"Eggins S.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","volume-title":"Language & Power","author":"Fairclough N.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Constructing (In)Competence: Disabling Evaluations in Clinical and Social Interaction","author":"Ferrara K.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0957926591002002002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Nursing Wounds: Nurse Practitioners, Doctors, Women Patients and the Negotiation of Meaning","author":"Fisher S.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organisation of Experience","author":"Goffman E.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511611834"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110208375.3.293"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"The Discourse of Medicine, Dialectics of Medical Interviews","author":"Mishler E. G.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"335","volume-title":"Rethinking Context","author":"Ochs E.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","volume-title":"One Sad Ungathered Rose: Schizophrenia \u2014 A Mother's Story","author":"Poole S.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0470861649.ch1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511584459.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"14","volume-title":"Framing in Discourse","author":"Tannen D.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"30","volume-title":"Communication and the Mentally Ill Patient","author":"Thomas P.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"Philosophy and the Philosophy of Language","author":"Volosinov V. N.","year":"1973"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Language &amp; Communication Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F13682820701698168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13682820701698168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T22:34:06Z","timestamp":1697322846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/13682820701698168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/13682820701698168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13682820701698168","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-2822","1460-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-01-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}