{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T23:23:30Z","timestamp":1700177010972},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]],"date-time":"2010-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4463,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J Lang &amp;amp; Comm Disor"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This training study was designed to examine the effects of training letter\u2010sound correspondences and phonemic decoding (segmenting and blending skills) on the decoding skills of three first\u2010grade children identified to be at risk for reading failure. This training study was to examine the degree to which the subjects could readily learn decoding skills necessary for early reading and to determine the degree to which phonemic decoding training on CVC syllable structures generalize to untrained syllable structures. Three experimental subjects served as their own controls in a single\u2010subject multiple\u2010baseline design. Experimental subjects were compared to matched control subjects on their ability to decode real\u2010word and pseudo\u2010word stimuli and on formal test scores of reading and spelling. Following training, experimental subjects demonstrated substantial increases in their acquisition and generalization of phonological decoding skills, but revealed much smaller changes on pre\u2010test to post\u2010test measures of formal reading and spelling when compared to their matched control subjects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/136828298247695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T15:43:05Z","timestamp":1027698185000},"page":"369-391","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Generalization of early metalinguistic skills in a phonological decoding study with first\u2010graders at risk for reading failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kenyatta O.","family":"Rivers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda J.","family":"Lombardino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"ABOUZEID M. P.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Beginning to React Thinking and Learning about Print","author":"ADAMS M. J.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648086"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(84)90022-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02648257"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.26.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Cognitive Processes in Spelling","author":"BARON R. W.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"137","volume-title":"Development of Orthographe Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. H ender son","author":"BEAR D. R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1987.12085316","article-title":"Preventing reading disabilities by assessing and remediating phonemic skills","volume":"16","author":"BERNINIGER V. W.","year":"1987","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"271","volume-title":"Language Learning Disabilities in School\u2010age Children","author":"BLACHMAN B.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949402700504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/301419a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00257973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.82.4.805"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.83.4.451"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.85.1.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.87.3.488","article-title":"Evaluation of a program to teach phonemic awareness to young children: a 2\u2010 and 3\u2010year follow\u2010up and a new preschool trial","volume":"87","author":"BYRNE B.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.2703.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9817.1988.tb00153.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/0161-1461.2204.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"The Early Detection of Reading Difficulties","author":"CLAY M. M.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5103.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.72.5.656"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/9.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8248-5_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Reading Acquisition","author":"EHRI L. C.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/747753"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"551","volume-title":"Comparative Reading","author":"ELKONIN D.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949302600904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1995.12085777","article-title":"Early identification and intervention of phonological deficits in kindergarten and early elementary children at risk for reading disability","volume":"24","author":"FELTON R.","year":"1995","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.83.4.456"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01067062"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3303.540"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"GILL J. T.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Goklman\u2010FristoeTest of Articulation","author":"GOLDMAN R.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.68.6.680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Phonological Skills and Learning to Read","author":"GOSWAMI U.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/074193258600700104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Clinical Research in Communicative Disorders: Principles and Strategies","author":"HEGDE M. N.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Developmental of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"HENDERSON E. H.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Developmental of Orthographe Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"INVERNIZZI M. A.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","first-page":"224","article-title":"Learning to read and write: a longitudinal study of 54 children from first through fourth grades","volume":"48","author":"JUEL C.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.78.4.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5103.204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Northwestern Syntax Screening Test","author":"LEE L. L.","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0965(74)90101-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9450.1980.tb00356.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","first-page":"365","article-title":"Measuring the causes and consequences of phonological awareness through the invented spelling of kindergarten children","volume":"33","author":"MANN V.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","first-page":"215","volume-title":"Reading Acquisition","author":"MASON J. M.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.87.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5103.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Memorial Festschrift for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"MORRIS D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/461375"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001440299305900606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","unstructured":"O'CONNOR R. E. SLOCUM T. A.andLISOWSKI L. 1997Do Low\u2010skilled Children Learn Blending More Easily Than Segmenting? Evidence From Four Prereader Studies.Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading Chicago IL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Language Disorders from Infancy and Adolescence: Assessment and Intervention","author":"PAUL R.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"Reading Ability","author":"PERFETTI C. A.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Phonemic knowledge and learning to read are reciprocal: a longitudinal study of first grade children","volume":"33","author":"PERFETTI C. A.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Merrill-Palmer Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360.0501.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","first-page":"275","volume-title":"Reading Acquisition","author":"SHANKWEILER D.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00324.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","first-page":"1309","article-title":"Sources of individual differences in reading acquisition","volume":"76","author":"SHARE D. L.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1598\/RRQ.21.4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221948802101003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Dyslexia: Integrating Theory and Practice","author":"STANOVICH K. E.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/747822"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10862969209547774"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","unstructured":"TORGESEN J. K. DAVIS C.andWAGNER R. K. 1993 Individual Difference Variable that Predicts Response to Training in Phonological Awareness.Paper presented at the meeting of the American Educational Research Association Atlanta GA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.84.3.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002221949402700503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.30.1.73","article-title":"Development of reading\u2010related phonological processing abilities: new evidence of bidirectional causality from a latent variable longitudinal study","volume":"30","author":"TORGESEN J. K.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TORGESEN J. K. WAGNER R. K.andROSHETTE C. A. 1997 Preventing Reading Disabilities: Results Drom 2 1\/2 Years of Intervention.Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading Chicago IL.","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532799xssr0103_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3010-6_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Reading Acquisition","author":"TREIMAN R.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03202453"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Reading Acquisition","author":"TUNMER W. E.","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.77.4.417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-3010-6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1177\/001440298605300207","article-title":"Experimental evidence for the effects of instructional bias on word identification","volume":"53","author":"VELLUTINO F. R.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Exceptional Children"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.101.2.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5404.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0663.72.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","unstructured":"WISE B. W. RING J. K.andOLSON R. K. 1997 Two Years of Phonological Awareness and Comprehension Instruction on Talking Computers.Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading Chicago IL."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","volume-title":"Woodcock Reading Mastery Test\u2014Revised","author":"WOODCOCK R. W.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundations of Literacy: A Festschrift Memorial for Edmund H. Henderson","author":"ZUTELL J.","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Language &amp; Communication Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1080%2F136828298247695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/136828298247695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,28]],"date-time":"2023-10-28T01:47:22Z","timestamp":1698457642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1080\/136828298247695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,12]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/136828298247695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/136828298247695","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-2822","1460-6984"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-6984","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-12-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}