{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T12:24:35Z","timestamp":1770899075700,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN 121485-2009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN 121485-2009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Spatial Cognition & Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/13875868.2017.1319836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,14]],"date-time":"2017-04-14T11:49:13Z","timestamp":1492170553000},"page":"251-272","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Timing and sex effects on the \u201cSpatial Orientation Test\u201d: A World War II map reading test"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xing","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":",","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Voyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":",","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10708-015-9673-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","volume-title":"PsycTESTS","author":"American Psychological Association (APA)","year":"2011","unstructured":"American Psychological Association (APA). (2011). PsycTESTS. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t00126-000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295x.84.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916598302001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2004.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2007.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8306.9302009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(97)00107-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","unstructured":"DuBois P. H. (Ed.) (1947). The classification program. AAF Aviation Psychology Program Research Report No. 2. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-011-9875-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(97)00038-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e614382011-001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","volume-title":"Sensation and perception","author":"Foley H. J.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Foley, H. J., & Matlin, M. W. (2010). Sensation and perception (5th Ed.). New York: Pearson Education.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Visual and spatial reasoning in design","author":"Freksa C.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Freksa, C. (1999). Spatial aspects of task-specific wayfinding maps. In J. S. Gero and B. Tversky (Eds.), Visual and spatial reasoning in design (pp. 15\u201332). Sydney: Key Centre of Design Computing and Cognition, University of Sydney."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-010-9877-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11743-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.16.4.381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-2896(02)00116-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intell.2003.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","volume-title":"Evaluating learning materials for map reading","author":"Innes L. M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Innes, L. M. (2002). Evaluating learning materials for map reading. Paper presented at the Regional Conference of the IGU."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2007.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13421-013-0314-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03200477"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01544230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1996.0011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018830401088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0013916584162001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.ep7252392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0033-0124.2004.05602010.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03207071"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6918(00)00033-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-6918(00)00033-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.5.889"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.40.2.457"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(00)00061-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p230929"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139173933"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","volume-title":"Multiple regression in behavioral research","author":"Pedhazur E. J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pedhazur, E. J. (1997). Multiple regression in behavioral research (3rd ed.). Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.08.052"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/caj.1975.12.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/caj.1978.15.1.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2011.616214"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jevp.1997.0056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-7393.32.3.516"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43614-2_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-6846-6_9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick B. G.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03199581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","first-page":"517","volume-title":"Some primary abilities in visual thinking","author":"Thurstone L. L.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Thurstone, L. L. (1950). Some primary abilities in visual thinking. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 94, 517\u2013521."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","volume-title":"The world of maps: Map reading and interpretation for the 21st century","author":"Tyner J. A.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tyner, J. A. (2014). The world of maps: Map reading and interpretation for the 21st century. New York, NY: Guilford Publications."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(02)00003-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-010-0042-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03195821"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.117.2.250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2014.985191"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0278-7393.28.6.1051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-0277(99)00012-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.12.044"}],"container-title":["Spatial Cognition & Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13875868.2017.1319836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T11:37:17Z","timestamp":1770896237000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/13875868.2017.1319836"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/13875868.2017.1319836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13875868.2017.1319836","relation":{},"ISSN":["1387-5868","1542-7633"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1387-5868","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-7633","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hscc20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=hscc20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2017-05-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}