{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:31:02Z","timestamp":1789079462214,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2024.2383406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T08:48:28Z","timestamp":1721465308000},"page":"883-897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cost of long-term care and balancing caregiver wellbeing: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3282-1922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emeka Elvis","family":"Duru","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, UT, Salt Lake City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5434-8561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenechukwu C.","family":"Ben-Umeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, UT, Salt Lake City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7786-5780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. Joseph","family":"Mattingly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, UT, Salt Lake City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","unstructured":"United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. World population prospects 2022: summary of results. 2022 [cited 2024 Feb 7]. Available from: https:\/\/www.un.org\/development\/desa\/pd\/sites\/www.un.org.development.desa.pd\/files\/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. America is Getting Older. 2023 Jun 22 [cited 2024 Feb 7]. Available from: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/newsroom\/press-releases\/2023\/population-estimates-characteristics.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau. Fact sheet: aging in the United States. [cited 2024 Feb 7]. Available from: https:\/\/www.prb.org\/resources\/fact-sheet-aging-in-the-united-states\/#_edn1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. National population projections tables: main series. 2023 [cited 2024 Feb 7]. Available from: https:\/\/www.census.gov\/data\/tables\/2023\/demo\/popproj\/2023-summary-tables.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0287207"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","unstructured":"Elizabeth Williams MM. Children with special health care needs: coverage affordability and HCBS Access. 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.kff.org\/medicaid\/issue-brief\/children-with-special-health-care-needs-coverage-affordability-and-hcbs-access\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16429"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-020-00272-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2005.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.19.3.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","unstructured":"Barbieri D Ghibelli P. Formal vs. informal long-term care: economic & social impacts. 2018. Available from: https:\/\/sprint-project.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/SPRINT_D4.4_Formal_vs_Informal-LTC_Econocmic_Social_Impacts.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10834-009-9155-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2020.102306"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","volume-title":"The characteristics of long-term care users","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2001","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services. The characteristics of long-term care users. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-5890.12200"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0047279417000903"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020731417727450"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3050"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","article-title":"Balancing paid work and caregiving responsibilities: a closer look at family Caregivers in Canada","author":"Duxbury LE","year":"2009","unstructured":"Duxbury LE, Higgins CA, Schroeder B. Balancing paid work and caregiving responsibilities: a closer look at family Caregivers in Canada. Can Policy Res Networks. 2009. https:\/\/caregiversns.org\/images\/uploads\/all\/working_caregivers_EN.pdf","journal-title":"Can Policy Res Networks"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/62.2.P126"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000336406.45248.4c"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-01571-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17269"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2019.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","unstructured":"OANDA Corporation. Currency Converter. [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: https:\/\/www.oanda.com\/currency-converter\/en\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","unstructured":"U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Archived Consumer Price Index Supplemental Files. 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/cpi\/tables\/supplemental-files\/home.htm"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1422"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J Song Y. Formal and Informal care. Encyclopedia of gerontology and population Aging. 2019:1\u20138.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-69892-2_847-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12195"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.628700"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4118"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113056"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148779"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079955"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.13764"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12945"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-014-0620-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001229"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000986"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12250"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2021.1926209"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317514558160"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15273"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2010.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17639-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2023.01360"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_1","unstructured":"Centers for medicare and medicaid services. national health expenditure 2022 highlights. [cited 2024 Feb 17]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cms.gov\/newsroom\/fact-sheets\/national-health-expenditures-2022-highlights"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20043373"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01281.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4598-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912275"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.114745"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114104"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2009.0494"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15039"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2021.110713"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31086\/tjgeri.2021.225"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.13597"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14880-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2015.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082896"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-021-01816-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnx163"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01634372.2018.1487895"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2021.1961403"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000461577"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/interface.220502"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anr.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007396"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-013-1795-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.112"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000001726"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290101"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1606-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hae.14811"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.12.5063"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-022-02501-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac254"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-07670-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2010.05505.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2013.0289"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2017.1408148"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2022.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610218001382"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/20.6.649"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-014-9281-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28814"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3047-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291796004242"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20541"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199603000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:QURE.0000018486.91360.00"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90138-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-005-5994-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770130605"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07286-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-009-9496-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00426-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.3.3.433"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.304"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.18.2.250"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny137"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.6.946"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.3457"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221115261"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244012470467"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12927\/hcq.2009.20660"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_116_1","unstructured":"Laura Skufca CR. Caregiving Out-of-Pocket Costs Study 2021 AARP Research2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/research\/topics\/care\/info-2016\/family-caregivers-cost-survey.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_117_1","unstructured":"Kelly J. Family caregivers face financial stress physical pressure and emotional challenges. LTC News. 2016 Available from: https:\/\/www.ltcnews.com\/articles\/family-caregivers-financial-costs-and-burdens"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_118_1","unstructured":"Family Caregiver Alliance. Caregiver statistics: work and caregiving. 2016. Available from: https:\/\/www.caregiver.org\/resource\/caregiver-statistics-work-and-caregiving\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1669-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13668803.2015.1112254"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_121_1","article-title":"\u201cFamily caregivers: what consequences?\u201d insights on canadian society. Canada","author":"Turcotte M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Turcotte M. \u201cFamily caregivers: what consequences?\u201d insights on canadian society. Canada. Stat Canada. 2013 [cited 2023 Dec]; Catalogue no. 75-006-X. Available from: https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/pub\/75-006-x\/2013001\/article\/11858\/citation-eng.htm","journal-title":"Stat Canada"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6712.2006.00424.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10887150802665356"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4504"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2142"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnx217"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.9.1002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01766"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-03-21-5897"}],"container-title":["Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/14737167.2024.2383406","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T19:01:48Z","timestamp":1727204508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14737167.2024.2383406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"references-count":126,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/14737167.2024.2383406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14737167.2024.2383406","relation":{},"ISSN":["1473-7167","1744-8379"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1473-7167","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-8379","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ierp20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ierp20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2024-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}