{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:12:58Z","timestamp":1791565978278,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Global Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/17441692.2020.1860249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]],"date-time":"2020-12-15T09:32:31Z","timestamp":1608024751000},"page":"319-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["COVID-19 vaccines and treatments nationalism: Challenges for low-income countries and the attainment of the SDGs"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5465-2168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Godwell","family":"Nhamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exxaro Chair in Business and Climate Change, Institute for Corporate Citizenship, Unisa, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Chikodzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exxaro Chair in Business and Climate Change, Institute for Corporate Citizenship, Unisa, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1410-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hlengiwe Precious","family":"Kunene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Junior Researcher: Exxaro Chair in Business and Climate Change, Institute for Corporate Citizenship, Unisa, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nthivhiseni","family":"Mashula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Junior Researcher: Exxaro Chair in Business and Climate Change, Institute for Corporate Citizenship, Unisa, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","volume-title":"Global shortage of personal protective equipment amid COVID-19: Supply chains, bottlenecks, and policy Implications","author":"ADB (Asian Development Bank)","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-020-00351-0"},{"key":"CIT0003","unstructured":"Aljazeera. (2020). US to pay Pfizer, BioNTech nearly $2bn for COVID-19 vaccines. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/ajimpact\/pay-pfizer-biontech-2bn-covid-19-vaccines-200722130058951.html"},{"key":"CIT0004","unstructured":"Ben-Achour, S. (2020). How much will a coronavirus vaccine cost? Retrieved July 9, 2020, from https:\/\/www.marketplace.org\/2020\/07\/17\/how-much-will-coronavirus-vaccine-cost\/"},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31102-8"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/nps.2020.35"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sd.1670"},{"key":"CIT0008","unstructured":"Bishop, J. & Roberts, A. (2020). Geopolitics: Resilient and Sustainable Globalization. In: World Economic Forum, Challenges and Opportunities in the Post-COVID-19 World. pp 20\u201323."},{"key":"CIT0009","unstructured":"Bloomberg. (2020). Moderna Soars After $483 Million Covid-19 Agreement With U.S. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2020-04-16\/moderna-snares-483-million-u-s-funding-for-covid-vaccine-tests"},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6641"},{"key":"CIT0011","unstructured":"Branswell, H. (2020). As coronavirus pandemic worsens, health officials fear nationalization of drugs and supplies. Health. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2020\/03\/15\/as-coronavirus-pandemic-worsens-health-officials-fear-nationalization-of-drugs-and-supplies\/"},{"key":"CIT0012","unstructured":"Businesstech. (2020). Ramaphosa and other world leaders have signed an open letter about a coronavirus vaccine \u2013 here\u2019s what it said. Retrieved July 27, 2020, from https:\/\/businesstech.co.za\/news\/government\/417193\/ramaphosa-and-other-world-leaders-have-signed-an-open-letter-about-a-coronavirus-vaccine-heres-what-it-said\/amp\/"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-01221-y"},{"key":"CIT0014","volume-title":"A modern tragedy? COVID-19 and USA-China relations","author":"Christensen T. J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0015","author":"Cohen J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"CIT0016","volume":"368","author":"Dyer O.","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acscentsci.0c00489"},{"key":"CIT0018","unstructured":"eNCA. (2020). Britain secures 90mn possible COVID-19 vaccine doses. Retrieved July 26, 2020, from https:\/\/www.enca.com\/news\/britain-secures-90-mil-possible-covid-19-vaccine-doses-pfizerbiontech-valneva"},{"key":"CIT0019","unstructured":"Enserink, G. (2009). The challenge of getting swine flu vaccine to poor nations. Science. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/news\/2009\/11\/challenge-getting-swine-flu-vaccine-poor-nations"},{"key":"CIT0020","unstructured":"FAD. (2020). FDA Approves First Treatment for COVID-19. Retrieved October 25, 2020, from https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-first-treatment-covid-19"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1556-9_15"},{"key":"CIT0022","unstructured":"GAVI. (2020a). COVAX list of participating countries. Retrieved October 24, 2020, from https:\/\/www.gavi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/covid\/pr\/COVAX_CA_COIP_List_COVAX_PR_19-10.pdf"},{"key":"CIT0023","unstructured":"GAVI. (2020b). Commitments to GAVI COVAX AMC. Retrieved October 24, 2020, from https:\/\/www.gavi.org\/sites\/default\/files\/covid\/covax\/COVAX-AMC-Donors-Table-08.10.2020.pdf"},{"key":"CIT0024","unstructured":"GAVI. (2020c). Gavi launches innovative financing mechanism for access to COVID vaccine. Retrieved October 24, 2020, from https:\/\/www.gavi.org\/news\/media-room\/gavi-launches-innovative-financing-mechanism-access-covid-19-vaccines"},{"key":"CIT0025","unstructured":"Global Citizens. (2020). \u2018Global Goal: Unite for Our Future\u2019: We\u2019re Calling on the World to Make Sure Everyone Can Beat COVID-19. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https:\/\/www.globalcitizen.org\/en\/content\/global-goal-unite-for-our-future-launch\/"},{"key":"CIT0026","unstructured":"Guterres, A. (2020). Nelson Mandela Annual Lecture 2020: Tackling the inequality pandemic - a new social contract for a new era. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/www.nelsonmandela.org\/news\/entry\/annual-lecture-2020-secretary-general-guterress-full-speech"},{"key":"CIT0027","unstructured":"He, L. (2020). China and India are sparring but neither can afford a full-on trade war. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2020\/07\/03\/economy\/china-india-trade-war-intl-hnk\/index.html"},{"key":"CIT0028","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Hein W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"German Institute for Global and Area Studies Focus"},{"key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00396338.2020.1763608"},{"key":"CIT0030","unstructured":"Herper, M. & Garde, D. (2020). First data for Moderna Covid-19 vaccine show it spurs an immune response. Health. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2020\/07\/14\/moderna-covid19-vaccine-first-data-show-spurs-immune-response\/"},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2055-6640(20)30018-2"},{"key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.1138"},{"key":"CIT0033","volume-title":"COVID-19 vaccines","author":"Jefferys R.","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0034","unstructured":"John Hopkins University. (2020). COVID-19 Dashboard by the Centre for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE). Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https:\/\/coronavirus.jhu.edu\/map.html"},{"key":"CIT0035","unstructured":"Kelly, \u00c9. (2020). EU to use \u20ac2.7B emergency fund for advance purchase of COVID-19 vaccines. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/sciencebusiness.net\/covid-19\/news\/eu-use-eu27b-emergency-fund-advance-purchase-covid-19-vaccines"},{"key":"CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-020-01063-8"},{"key":"CIT0037","unstructured":"Lexchin, J. (2020). As U.S. buys up remdesivir, \u2018vaccine nationalism\u2019 threatens access to COVID-19 treatments. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/theconversation.com\/as-u-s-buys-up-remdesivir-vaccine-nationalism-threatens-access-to-covid-19-treatments-141952"},{"key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4269-9"},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1775132"},{"key":"CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2020.03.006"},{"key":"CIT0041","unstructured":"Madhi, S. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine trial in South Africa: everything you need to know. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https:\/\/theconversation.com\/covid-19-vaccine-trial-in-south-africa-everything-you-need-to-know-142305"},{"key":"CIT0042","volume":"369","author":"Mahase E.","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"CIT0043","unstructured":"Manfredi, L. (2020). Moderna stock soars following positive results in coronavirus vaccine candidate. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/www.foxbusiness.com\/healthcare\/moderna-stock-soars-following-positive-results-in-coronavirus-vaccine-candidate"},{"key":"CIT0044","unstructured":"Methri, G. (2020). COVID-19 Vaccine: WHO Backs India & South Africa\u2019s Bid to Ease Intellectual Property Rules. Retrieved October 24, 2020, from https:\/\/www.republicworld.com\/world-news\/global-event-news\/who-backs-india-south-africas-bid-to-ease-intellectual-property-rule.html"},{"key":"CIT0045","volume-title":"COVID-19 Vaccine global access (COVAX) facility: Key considerations for gavi\u2019s new global financing mechanism","author":"MSF (M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res\/Doctors Without Borders)","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mullard, A. (2020). COVID-19 vaccine development pipeline gears up. NCBI. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7272155\/","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31252-6"},{"key":"CIT0047","unstructured":"Neate, R. (2020). \u2018Major\u2019 breakthrough in Covid-19 drug makes UK professors millionaires. Retrieved July 25, 2020, from https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2020\/jul\/24\/major-breakthrough-in-covid-19-drug-makes-uk-professors-millionaires"},{"key":"CIT0048","unstructured":"The New York Times. (2020). Coronavirus Live Updates: E.U. Agrees to $857 Billion Stimulus Deal. Retrieved July 21, 2020, from https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/07\/21\/world\/coronavirus-covid-19.html"},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-05325-3_79-1"},{"key":"CIT0050","volume-title":"Fair and equitable access to COVID-19 treatments and vaccines","author":"Nuffield Council on Bioethics","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0051","unstructured":"Palca, J. (2020a). Pfizer Says Experimental COVID-19 Vaccine Is More Than 90% Effective. Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2020\/11\/09\/933006651\/pfizer-says-experimental-covid-19-vaccine-is-more-than-90-effective"},{"key":"CIT0052","unstructured":"Palca, J. (2020b). Moderna\u2019s COVID-19 Vaccine Shines in Clinical Trial. Retrieved November 27, 2020, from https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2020\/11\/16\/935239294\/modernas-covid-19-vaccine-shines-in-clinical-trial"},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.243"},{"key":"CIT0054","unstructured":"Partridge, J. (2020). Government to develop \u00a3100m Covid-19 vaccine manufacturing centre. Retrieved July 27, 2020, from https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2020\/jul\/23\/government-to-develop-100m-covid-19-vaccine-manufacturing-centre"},{"key":"CIT0055","unstructured":"Paton, J. (2020). Battle over access to Covid-19 vaccines ahead as rich nations are first in line. Retrieved October 25, 2020, from https:\/\/www.news24.com\/fin24\/companies\/health\/battle-over-access-to-covid-19-vaccines-ahead-as-rich-nations-are-first-in-line-20200802"},{"key":"CIT0056","unstructured":"Reuters. (2020). Brazil health regulator Anvisa allows Chinese COVID-19 vaccine trial. Retrieved July 20, 2020, from https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-health-coronavirus-brazil-sinovac\/brazil-health-regulator-anvisa-allows-chinese-covid-19-vaccine-trial-idUSKBN24502Z"},{"key":"CIT0057","unstructured":"Roubein, R. (2020). Trump administration invests $472M more in Moderna vaccine candidate. Retrieved July 26, 2020, from https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/news\/us\/trump-administration-invests-472m-more-in-moderna-vaccine-candidate\/ar-BB17cVB5?li=BBnbcA1"},{"key":"CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1206"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13648470.2020.1783054"},{"key":"CIT0060","unstructured":"Stevis-Gridneff, M. & Jakes, L. (2020). World Leaders Join to Pledge $8 Billion for Vaccine as U.S. Goes It Alone. Retrieved July 19, 2020, from https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/05\/04\/world\/europe\/eu-coronavirus-vaccine.html"},{"key":"CIT0061","unstructured":"Suarez, K. (2020). China offers $1 billion loan to Latin America and the Caribbean for access to its Covid-19 vaccine. Retrieved July 27, 2020, from https:\/\/amp.cnn.com\/cnn\/2020\/07\/23\/americas\/china-billion-vaccine-latin-america-coronavirus-intl\/index.html"},{"key":"CIT0062","volume-title":"Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for Sustainable development","author":"United Nations","year":"2015"},{"key":"CIT0063","unstructured":"USA Food and Drug Administration. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA Revokes Emergency Use Authorization for Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine. Retrieved July 18, 2020, from https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-revokes-emergency-use-authorization-chloroquine-and"},{"key":"CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31354-4"},{"key":"CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13040065"},{"key":"CIT0066","volume-title":"Racing against COVID-19: A vaccines strategy for Europe. Policy Contribution 7\/2020","author":"Veugelers R.","year":"2020"},{"key":"CIT0067","unstructured":"WHO (World Health Organization). (2020a). Draft landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines. WHO. Retrieved July 23, 2020, from https:\/\/www.who.int\/who-documents-detail\/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines"},{"key":"CIT0068","unstructured":"WHO (World Health Organization). (2020b). 172 countries and multiple candidate vaccines engaged in COVID-19 vaccine Global Access Facility. Retrieved October 25, 2020, from https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/24-08-2020-172-countries-and-multiple-candidate-vaccines-engaged-in-covid-19-vaccine-global-access-facility"},{"key":"CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1412024"},{"issue":"2","key":"CIT0070","first-page":"456","volume":"25","author":"Wood L. M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Quality Report"},{"key":"CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30763-7"},{"key":"CIT0072","first-page":"55","volume-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East and North Africa","author":"Zarhloule Y.","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["Global Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17441692.2020.1860249","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T12:38:27Z","timestamp":1621600707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17441692.2020.1860249"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/17441692.2020.1860249"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17441692.2020.1860249","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-1692","1744-1706"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-1692","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-1706","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=rgph20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=rgph20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2020-08-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}