{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:58:27Z","timestamp":1792785507467,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,28]],"date-time":"2017-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Union des Associations Europ\u00e9ennes de Football"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objectives:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Slow\u2010motion replays of foul play situations are now used in the education and training of sports officials. We investigated the impact of video speed on the decision\u2010making process of association football referees and how this interacted with expertise.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Three different groups of referees, varying in level of expertise, assessed video clips from an in\u2010game perspective. Video clips represented corner kick and open play situations in which a foul occurred or not. For these foul\/no foul situations, the referees had to make a technical (no foul; indirect free kick; direct free kick; or penalty kick) and a disciplinary decision (no card; yellow card; or red card), under both slow\u2010motion and real\u2010time viewing conditions. Accuracy scores were determined by comparing participant's responses with the decisions of an expert panel.\n                    <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Significant differences were observed across groups for foul\/no foul situations, suggesting that the experts were able to process the available information more effectively than their less expert colleagues. The accuracy scores for the technical decision were higher in slow motion (67%) compared to a real\u2010time viewing condition (56%), particularly for corner kick situations. No differences were found between real time and slow motion for the disciplinary decision.\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    Slow\u2010motion footage results in higher accuracy scores for complex technical decisions. These findings have implications for the use of slow\u2010motion replays in the decision\u2010making process of referees.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2017.1304580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,28]],"date-time":"2017-03-28T13:42:49Z","timestamp":1490708569000},"page":"748-756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Does slow motion impact on the perception of foul play in football?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2334-8734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jochim","family":"Spitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology Laboratory of Perception and Performance Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Put","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology Laboratory of Perception and Performance Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Wagemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain &amp; Cognition Laboratory of Experimental Psychology University of Leuven (KU Leuven) Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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