{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:56:32Z","timestamp":1790855792691,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]],"date-time":"2020-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,12]],"date-time":"2020-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578787200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003180","name":"Academic Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003180","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Rationale:<\/jats:bold> Explore the MRI\u2010appearance of the healthy distal radial physis and the distribution of stress\u2010related changes in physeal thickness in young gymnasts to aid in the understanding of the pathophysiological process of stress\u2010related physeal injury.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Symptomatic gymnasts with clinically suspected overuse injury of the distal radial physis and age and gender\u2010matched asymptomatic gymnasts and healthy non\u2010gymnasts underwent an MRI\u2010scan of the wrist. A cartilage\u2010specific sequence was used to obtain three\u2010dimensional reconstructions of the distal radial physis. Heat maps and line charts of these reconstructions visualised distribution of physeal thickness per study group and were used to explore differences between study groups. Symptomatic gymnasts displaying the most profound physeal widening (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10) were analysed separately.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010seven symptomatic \u2013 (skeletal age 12.9 \u00b1 1.5 years), 16 asymptomatic \u2013 (skeletal age 12.8 \u00b1 1.9 years) and 23\u00a0non\u2010gymnasts (skeletal age 13.6 \u00b1 1.9 years) were included for analysis. Physes of healthy non\u2010gymnasts had a thin centre and increased in thickness towards the borders. Gymnasts demonstrated an increase in thickness of the entire physeal surface. In symptomatic gymnasts increase in physeal thickness was most prominent at the volar side when compared to asymptomatic gymnasts and non\u2010gymnasts.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> The healthy distal radial physis is characterised by a thin centre surrounded by thicker borders. Stress applied to the wrist during gymnastics causes an overall increase in physeal thickness. Profound thickness increase is present at the volar side of the physis mainly in symptomatic gymnasts. These results can help unravel the pathophysiological mechanism of stress\u2010related physeal injury in gymnasts and aid early injury identification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2019.1710263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,13]],"date-time":"2020-01-13T04:50:58Z","timestamp":1578891058000},"page":"1197-1205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The distal radial physis: Exploring normal anatomy on MRI enables interpretation of stress related changes in young gymnasts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"R. B. 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