{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:41:16Z","timestamp":1784547676122,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Swedish Research Council for Sport Science","award":["P2018-0124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P2018-0124"]}]},{"name":"the Swedish Military Research Authority","award":["AF 922 0916"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AF 922 0916"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Purpose: To study the effect of inhaling a beta\u2010agonist (salbutamol) compared to placebo on skiing and cycling performance in well\u2010trained elite athletes. Methods: Three different exercise protocols were used, all with a cross\u2010over double blind placebo\u2010controlled design. Participants inhaled 800\u2005\u00b5g salbutamol or a placebo prior to the test, which was repeated on a following day with the participants inhaling the other substance. Fifteen junior elite skiers performed four free\u2010style high intensity sprints (1100\u2005m\/work time 3.5\u20134.5\u2005min). Twelve elite cyclists carried out a short cycling protocol, starting with two 5\u2005min submaximal workloads followed by a maximal intermittent performance test to exhaustion. Another 12 elite cyclists performed the maximal intermittent performance test to exhaustion after a 150\u2005min long submaximal cycling protocol. Results: Group mean time for the ski sprints increased, with no difference between treatment groups. In the short cycling protocol time to exhaustion was 9.1% (95% CI 52\u2013161) lower after inhaling salbutamol compared to placebo and in the long cycling protocol time to exhaustion was 9.1% (95% CI \u2013 121\u2013267) lower after inhaling salbutamol compared to placebo. Blood lactate, heart rate and ventilation increased during submaximal exercise with salbutamol compared to placebo in the short cycling protocol (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). Conclusion: This study could not confirm any positive performance effects from inhaling 800\u2005\u00b5g salbutamol compared to placebo in skiing and high\u2010intensity intermittent cycling performance. Instead, time to exhaustion in the maximal intermittent performance test was lower in both cycling protocols.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Highlights<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>There was no difference in performance time between salbutamol and placebo treatment in real\u2010life applicable repeated ski sprints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Time to exhaustion in the maximal intermittent performance test was 9.1% lower after inhaling salbutamol compared to placebo, both when performed after 10 and 150\u2005min of submaximal cycling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2022.2063071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,8]],"date-time":"2022-04-08T08:56:59Z","timestamp":1649408219000},"page":"766-773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Inhaling salbutamol may decrease time to exhaustion in some contexts of heavy endurance performances"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Helge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c5strand Laboratory The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5574-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Godhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c5strand Laboratory The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Berglund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inst. Med Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Ekblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c5strand Laboratory The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An abductive inference approach to assess the performance\u2010enhancing effects of drugs included on the World Anti\u2010Doping Agency prohibited list","volume":"51","author":"Andersen A. 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