{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:02:14Z","timestamp":1777903334926,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Though figure\u2013ground assignment has been shown to be probably affected by recognizability, it appears sensible that object recognition must follow at least the earlier process of figure\u2013ground segregation. To examine whether or not rudimentary object recognition could, counterintuitively, start even before the completion of the stage of parsing in which figure\u2013ground segregation is done, participants were asked to respond, in a go\/no-go fashion, whenever any out of 16 alternative connected patterns (that constituted familiar stimuli in the upright orientation) appeared. The white figure of the to-be-attended stimulus\u2014target or foil\u2014could be segregated from the white ambient ground only by means of a frame surrounding it. Such a frame was absent until the onset of target display. Then, to manipulate organizational quality, the greyness of the frame was either gradually increased from zero (in Experiment 1) or changed abruptly to a stationary level whose greyness was varied between trials (in Experiments 2 and 3). Stimulus recognizability was manipulated by orientation angle. In all three experiments the effect of recognizability was found to be considerably larger when organizational quality was minimal due to an extremely faint frame. This result is argued to be incompatible with any version of a serial thesis suggesting that processing aimed at object recognition starts only with a good enough level of organizational quality. The experiments rather provide some support to the claim, termed here \u201cearly interaction hypothesis\u201d, positing interaction between early recognition processing and preassignment parsing processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,12]],"date-time":"2010-11-12T06:13:06Z","timestamp":1289542386000},"page":"608-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The effect of recognizability on figure\u2013ground processing: Does it affect parsing or only figure selection?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Navon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.ep10772580"},{"key":"bibr2-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.177.4043.77"},{"key":"bibr3-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.94.2.115"},{"key":"bibr4-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.32.2.109"},{"key":"bibr5-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.144.3617.424"},{"key":"bibr6-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1420037"},{"key":"bibr7-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.18.030195.001205"},{"key":"bibr8-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.ep10772645"},{"key":"bibr9-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1996.0018"},{"key":"bibr10-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p070575"},{"key":"bibr11-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p170437"},{"key":"bibr12-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03198762"},{"key":"bibr13-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"109","author":"Gottschaldt K.","year":"1969","journal-title":"A source book of Gestalt psychology"},{"key":"bibr14-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03198851"},{"key":"bibr15-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"183","author":"Harmon L. D.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Readings from the Scientific American: Recent progress in perception"},{"key":"bibr16-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"395","author":"Hochberg J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Experimental psychology"},{"key":"bibr17-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Julesz B.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Foundations of cyclopean perception"},{"key":"bibr18-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"37","author":"Julesz B.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Readings from the Scientific American: Recent progress in perception"},{"key":"bibr19-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(84)80275-1"},{"key":"bibr20-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"117","author":"Kimchi R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perceptual organization in vision: Behavioral and neural perspectives"},{"key":"bibr21-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02140.x"},{"key":"bibr22-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Koffka K.","year":"1963","journal-title":"The principles of Gestalt psychology"},{"key":"bibr23-17470218.2010.516834","author":"K\u00f6hler W.","year":"1947","journal-title":"Gestalt psychology: An introduction to new concepts in modern psychology"},{"key":"bibr24-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-02-01605.1995"},{"key":"bibr25-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Marr D.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information"},{"key":"bibr26-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.14.7421"},{"key":"bibr27-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.4023713"},{"key":"bibr28-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1068\/p180055"},{"key":"bibr29-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Navon D.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Global precedence in visual recognition"},{"key":"bibr30-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Neisser U.","year":"1967","journal-title":"Cognitive psychology"},{"key":"bibr31-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"279","author":"Palmer S. E.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Explorations in cognition"},{"key":"bibr32-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"3","author":"Palmer S. E.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perceptual organization in vision: Behavioral and neural perspectives"},{"key":"bibr33-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1421064"},{"key":"bibr34-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8721.ep10770552"},{"key":"bibr35-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"87","author":"Peterson M. A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perceptual organization in vision: Behavioral and neural perspectives"},{"key":"bibr36-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"269","author":"Peterson M. A.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perception of faces, objects and scenes: Analytic and holistic processes"},{"key":"bibr37-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00053-5"},{"key":"bibr38-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1993.1010"},{"key":"bibr39-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00622.x"},{"key":"bibr40-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206951"},{"key":"bibr41-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.17.4.1075"},{"key":"bibr42-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.29.4.808"},{"key":"bibr43-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.34.2.251"},{"key":"bibr44-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03197532"},{"key":"bibr45-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80819-3"},{"key":"bibr46-17470218.2010.516834","author":"Rock I.","year":"1975","journal-title":"An introduction to perception"},{"key":"bibr47-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452233680.n7"},{"key":"bibr48-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"23","author":"Rock I.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cognitive approaches to human perception"},{"key":"bibr49-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rock, I. & Palmer, S. (1990). The legacy of Gestalt psychology.\n                      Scientific American\n                      ,\n                      263\n                      (6), 48\u201361.","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1290-84"},{"key":"bibr50-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"194","author":"Rubin E.","year":"1958","journal-title":"Readings in perception"},{"key":"bibr51-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"Sagi D.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Spatial Vision"},{"key":"bibr52-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1479.003.0008","author":"Treisman A.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Attention and Performance XVI: Information integration in perception and communication"},{"key":"bibr53-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748508400950"},{"key":"bibr54-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(89)90100-0"},{"key":"bibr55-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0963-7214.2004.01501004.x"},{"key":"bibr56-17470218.2010.516834","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.24.2.441"},{"key":"bibr57-17470218.2010.516834","first-page":"71","author":"Wertheimer M.","year":"1969","journal-title":"A source book of gestalt psychology"}],"container-title":["Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T11:56:44Z","timestamp":1777636604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17470218.2010.516834","relation":{},"ISSN":["1747-0218","1747-0226"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1747-0218","type":"print"},{"value":"1747-0226","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}}}