{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T21:10:05Z","timestamp":1766178605303,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007694","name":"Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21CFRP-C163381-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21CFRP-C163381-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Digital Earth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2022.2099022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T05:43:56Z","timestamp":1660369436000},"page":"1236-1258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A novel AI approach for modeling land surface temperature of Freetown, Sierra Leone, based on land-cover changes"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8449-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mosbeh R.","family":"Kaloop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea"},{"name":"Incheon Disaster Prevention Research Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea"},{"name":"Public Works and Civil Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mudassir","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshwar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed T.","family":"Elnabwy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Water Research Center, Coastal Research Institute, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elhadi K.","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Sichuan, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Wan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea"},{"name":"Incheon Disaster Prevention Research Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15481603.2019.1650447"},{"key":"CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dyepig.2007.05.014"},{"key":"CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13201-018-0831-6"},{"key":"CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11111319"},{"key":"CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2012.04.011"},{"key":"CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12596"},{"key":"CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03064229008534875"},{"key":"CIT0008","unstructured":"Chen, L., M. Li, F. Huang, and S. Xu. 2013. \u201cRelationships of LST to NDBI and NDVI in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area Based on MODIS Data.\u201d 6th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP 2013), no. Cisp: 840\u201345. http:\/\/en.cnki.com.cn\/Article_en\/CJFDTOTAL-DLKX200902018.htm."},{"key":"CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-19088-x"},{"key":"CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruct.2005.01.020"},{"key":"CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi8090405"},{"key":"CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2009.07.014"},{"key":"CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2010.02.068"},{"key":"CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cli5010013"},{"key":"CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-019-4259-6"},{"key":"CIT0017","unstructured":"Ferreira, C. 2001. \u201cGene Expression Programming: A New Adaptive Algorithm for Solving Problems.\u201d ArXiv. 2001. https:\/\/www.gene-expression-programming.com\/webpapers\/GEPfirst.pdf"},{"key":"CIT0018","unstructured":"Gbanie, S. P. 2015. \u201cUnderstanding Land Use and Land\u2009+\u2009Cover Change in Post-War Sierra Leone\u202f: A Socio-Geospatial Approach.\u201d PhD thesis, University of New South Wales."},{"key":"CIT0019","unstructured":"Gurjar, R. D. 2015. \u201cRelationship Between LULC, NDVI and LST.\u201d In Assessment of Impact of Urbanization on Micro-Climate in Jaipur Urban Complex Based on Satellite Derived Parameters, 150\u2013182."},{"key":"CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2018.11.019"},{"key":"CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40645-020-00400-9"},{"key":"CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/ab4e55"},{"key":"CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceaneng.2021.109134"},{"key":"CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-021-01783-x"},{"key":"CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trgeo.2021.100608"},{"key":"CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112420"},{"key":"CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2020.102542"},{"key":"CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsase.2020.100463"},{"key":"CIT0030","first-page":"1109","volume":"10","author":"Kaloop M. R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrs.2017.01.005"},{"key":"CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/secm-2017-0155"},{"key":"CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10020274"},{"key":"CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2019.1685714"},{"key":"CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2014.11.023"},{"key":"CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs13193846"},{"key":"CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2017.1402386"},{"key":"CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12517-021-07187-z"},{"key":"CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7363546"},{"key":"CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10708-019-10115-0"},{"key":"CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jgis.2020.125031"},{"issue":"10","key":"CIT0001a","first-page":"1225","volume":"60","author":"Nichol J. E.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing"},{"key":"CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/313\/1\/012041"},{"key":"CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41939-021-00093-7"},{"key":"CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11212588"},{"key":"CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrs.2016.11.003"},{"key":"CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2010.03.003"},{"key":"CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2019.12.014"},{"key":"CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2007.08.015"},{"key":"CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, G. 2014. \u201cKriging.\u201d Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery for Geoscientists, January, 238\u201374.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410437-2.00008-4"},{"key":"CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-017-9813-6_13"},{"key":"CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-017-6920-2"},{"key":"CIT0002a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2004.02.003"},{"key":"CIT0003a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-2716(90)90077-O"},{"key":"CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2012.02.049"},{"key":"CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2016.1247472"},{"key":"CIT0054","unstructured":"Suratgar, A. A., M. B. Tavakoli, and A. Hoseinabadi. 2005. \u201cModified Levenberg-Marquardt Method for Neural Networks Training.\u201d In Proceedings - Wec 05: Fourth World Enformatika Conference."},{"key":"CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19132987"},{"key":"CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS.2018.8517986"},{"key":"CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsase.2019.100262"},{"key":"CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10010112"},{"key":"CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9914650"},{"key":"CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2017.01.001"},{"key":"CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(96)00002-9"},{"key":"CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/land8090136"},{"volume-title":"Climate Change Risk in Sierra Leone: Fact Sheet","year":"2016","author":"USAID","key":"CIT0063"},{"key":"CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.3348533"},{"key":"CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-815226-3.00029-6"},{"key":"CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2021.112665"},{"key":"CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12172691"},{"key":"CIT0004a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713860788"},{"key":"CIT0005a","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11252-007-0020-0"},{"key":"CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22797254.2019.1584737"},{"key":"CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160600589179"},{"key":"CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3808\/jei.200400035"},{"key":"CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7780\/kjrs.2020.36.4.9"},{"key":"CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b10604-15"},{"key":"CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs6109829"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Digital Earth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17538947.2022.2099022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T07:43:17Z","timestamp":1678347797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17538947.2022.2099022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/17538947.2022.2099022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17538947.2022.2099022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1753-8947"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1753-8955"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjde20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjde20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2022-01-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}