{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:36:02Z","timestamp":1753875362476,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41925006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41925006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Digital Earth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/17538947.2024.2353109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T12:47:01Z","timestamp":1715863621000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heterogeneous effects of economic assistance on mortality risk in violent conflicts in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Qiwei","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Fuqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Liqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Jingwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Isiaka Lukman","family":"Alage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education in English Ile ife, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Mengfan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]},{"given":"Suhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-5436.12095"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","unstructured":"AidData. 2021. \u201cChina\u2019s Public Diplomacy Dashboard Dataset Version 2.0.\u201d http:\/\/china-dashboard.aiddata.org."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Emerging Trends and Dimensions of the Rwandan Crisis","volume":"7","author":"Alabi David T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alabi, David T. 2002. \u201cEmerging Trends and Dimensions of the Rwandan Crisis.\u201d African Journal of International Affairs and Development 7 (1): 40\u201365.","journal-title":"African Journal of International Affairs and Development"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009874203400"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","first-page":"549","article-title":"Conflicts in Africa: Meaning, Causes, Impact and Solution","volume":"4","author":"Aremu Johnson Olaosebikan.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aremu, Johnson Olaosebikan. 2010. \u201cConflicts in Africa: Meaning, Causes, Impact and Solution.\u201d African Research Review 4 (4): 549\u2013560.","journal-title":"African Research Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2020.102442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w14606"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci4010085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","volume-title":"The Dragon\u2019s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa","author":"Brautigam Deborah.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brautigam, Deborah. 2009. The Dragon\u2019s Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jid.1798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","volume-title":"Aid, the Incentive Regime, and Poverty Reduction","author":"Burnside Craig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burnside, Craig, and David Dollar. 1998. Aid, the Incentive Regime, and Poverty Reduction. Washington DC: World Bank Publications."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0047117813497300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2018.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10242690214335"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2003.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343304043769"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.104.6.1833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","volume-title":"Statistics of International Students Coming to China","author":"Department of International Cooperation and Exchanges","year":"2017","unstructured":"Department of International Cooperation and Exchanges. 2017. Statistics of International Students Coming to China. Beijing: Ministry of Education."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2017.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ememar.2017.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2900351"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/pol.20180631"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0010836711434463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-polisci-041916-015516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","volume-title":"Aid and Conflict at the Subnational Level: Evidence from World Bank and Chinese Development Projects in Africa","author":"Gehring Kai S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gehring, Kai S, Melvin H L Wong, and Lennart Kaplan. 2018. Aid and Conflict at the Subnational Level: Evidence from World Bank and Chinese Development Projects in Africa. Heidelberg: University of Heidelberg, Department of Economics. http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/10419\/207635."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8454.12219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2019.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdisas.2020.100069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343319823860"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343320962157"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2019.03.014"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Democracy in Tropical Africa: Democracy Versus Autocracy in African Politics","volume":"38","author":"Jackson Robert H","year":"1985","unstructured":"Jackson, Robert H, and Carl G Rosberg. 1985. \u201cDemocracy in Tropical Africa: Democracy Versus Autocracy in African Politics.\u201d Journal of International Affairs 38 (2): 293\u2013305. http:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24356915.","journal-title":"Journal of International Affairs"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.39.4.1101"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8268.2008.00181.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.860826"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Rogue Aid","volume":"159","author":"Naim Moises.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Naim, Moises. 2007. \u201cRogue Aid.\u201d Foreign Policy 159: 96.","journal-title":"Foreign Policy"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.104.6.1630"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dpr.12328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343320934986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343315595927"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-023-01559-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022343310378914"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-021-01021-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","unstructured":"Roberts Tyson and Kim Yi Dionne. 2013. \u201cAid Effectiveness and Allocation: Evidence from Malawi.\u201d In ASA 2013 Annual Meeting Paper."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35293\/srsa.v44i1.4071"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2010.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","unstructured":"Wang Xiaobing and Adam Ozanne. 2000. \u201cTwo Approaches to Aid in Africa: China and the West.\u201d In Prepared for the International Conference \u201cTen Years Of \u2018War Against Poverty\u2019: What Have We Learned Since 2010\u20132020."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-021-01541-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11127-011-9875-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10670564.2014.898893"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Digital Earth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/17538947.2024.2353109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T18:49:55Z","timestamp":1737485395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/17538947.2024.2353109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/17538947.2024.2353109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17538947.2024.2353109","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-8947","1753-8955"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1753-8947"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1753-8955"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjde20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tjde20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2023-04-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2353109"}}