{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:40:58Z","timestamp":1792590058190,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"DOI":"10.1080\/20523211.2025.2544656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T19:21:14Z","timestamp":1756322474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["From prescribing indicators to rational drug use: a medication safety perspective"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4663-7081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Farooq","family":"Anwar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","place":["Pulau Penang, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nur Aizati Athirah","family":"Daud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","place":["Pulau Penang, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8183-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabia","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","place":["Pulau Penang, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Medication Without Harm\u202f: Policy Brief. (2024). World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00469580251347136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488607779315408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.22.288293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-021-00957-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47890\/IJPSCP\/ZahraHassanALQamariat\/2021\/24148307"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0620-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2020.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-304559"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(23)00036-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-13-170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","volume-title":"WHO action programme on essential drugs (1994)","author":"de Vries P. G. M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"de Vries, P. G. M., Henning, R. H., Hogerzeil, H. V, Fresle, D. A., Haaijer-Ruskamp, M., & van Gilst, R. (1994). WHO action programme on essential drugs (1994). Guide to Good Prescribing: A Practical Manual."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47141\/geriatrik.1506076"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DHPS.S328824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlpt.2021.100547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-024-01490-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ecp.11.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","unstructured":"IQVIA. (2024). Beneath the surface: Unravelling the true value of generic medicines."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9a933261-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-013-1575-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14391"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlab049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","unstructured":"Kristina S. A. & Wulandari G. P. (2020). Prescribing pattern at primary health care in developing countries\u202f: A systematic review (Vol. 25)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuitunen S. Niittynen I. Airaksinen M. & Holmstr\u00f6m A.-R. (2020). Systemic Causes of in-hospital intravenous medication errors: A systematic review. www.journalpatientsafety.com.","DOI":"10.1097\/PTS.0000000000000632"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2021.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.787113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20959\/wjpr20215-20413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","unstructured":"Medication Safety in Polypharmacy. Geneva: WHO. (2019). https:\/\/apps.who.int\/bookorders."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","unstructured":"Medication without harm: Policy brief. Geneva WHO. (2023). https:\/\/apps.who.int\/bookorders."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121211025146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/ijpbs.10242"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2023.164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_640_22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-023-01626-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21553-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.179352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy4040035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2022-001585"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","volume-title":"Global burden of preventable medication-related harm in health care: A systematic review","author":"Panagioti M.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Panagioti, M., Hoskinson, A., Planner, C., Dhingra, N., & Gupta, N. (2023). Global burden of preventable medication-related harm in health care: A systematic review. World Health Organization."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101171"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-308428"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37022\/jcscr.v3i3.636"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9080497"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200016060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spinewine A. Schmader K. E. Barber N. Hughes C. Lapane K. L. Swine C. & Hanlon J. T. (2007). Prescribing in elderly people 1 appropriate prescribing in elderly people: How well can it be measured and optimised? (Vol. 370). www.thelancet.com","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61091-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Rational prescribing in paediatrics","volume":"37","author":"Sri Ranganathan S.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sri Ranganathan, S. (2008). Rational prescribing in paediatrics. In Sri Lanka Journal of Paediatrics, 37, 3\u20137.","journal-title":"In Sri Lanka Journal of Paediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40545-021-00313-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12087"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01530-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","unstructured":"WHO How to investigate drug use in health facilities? (1993). WHO\/DAP\/93.1 1\u201387."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","volume-title":"WHO guideline on the use of safety-engineered syringes for intramuscular, intradermal and subcutaneous injections in health care settings","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2016","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). WHO guideline on the use of safety-engineered syringes for intramuscular, intradermal and subcutaneous injections in health care settings."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2021). Global expenditure on health: Public spending on the rise?."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2024.101815"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/20523211.2025.2544656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T13:18:59Z","timestamp":1765891139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/20523211.2025.2544656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1080\/20523211.2025.2544656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20523211.2025.2544656","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-3211"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-3211","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=jppp20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=jppp20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2025-04-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2544656"}}