{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T05:46:30Z","timestamp":1785735990792,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":319,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81560304 and 82060341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81560304 and 82060341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82060341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81560304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81560304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an urgent need to produce accurate and sensitive tests. However, there have been instances where a positive nucleic acid test turns negative after treatment, and then positive again. This case report describes such an instance from the tropical region of Hainan, China. The patient was a 61-year-old female who went to Hainan on vacation from Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Symptoms appeared 9 d after arriving in Hainan, and it was confirmed that the nucleic acid test was positive after 4 repeats. Her condition declined rapidly, her heart stopped beating, and she was admitted in a coma to the ICU. After treatment, the SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid test of several nasopharyngeal swabs were negative, and tests on whole blood, anal swabs, and urine were also negative. Later, however, nucleic acid tests on a lower respiratory tract sputum swab and lower respiratory tract lavage fluid were positive. An autopsy examination was carried out 12\u2009h after her death, and multi-organ secretions were extracted for nucleic acid testing. The SARS-CoV-2 virus nucleic acid was only detected in the swabs from the end of the bronchus, which was confirmed by the visualization of the coronavirus by electron microscopy. Autopsy confirmed that the damage was mainly concentrated in the lungs and immune organs and tissues throughout the body. Epidemiology indicated that none of the people she came into contact with after arriving in Hainan, including close contacts, were infected. This is in sharp contrast to the highly contagious virus in Wuhan in the temperate zone during the same period. This case report indicates: (1) The high temperatures in tropical areas may have an impact on the spread and harm of COVID-19, and (2) The reason why nucleic acid testing for COVID-19 was initially negative and then positive after treatment may be related to the survival of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in deep lung tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/20961790.2021.1978173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T09:52:21Z","timestamp":1646301141000},"page":"560-565","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Autopsy Results from a COVID-19 Patient Treated in a Tropical Area, and a Review of the Epidemiological History"],"prefix":"10.3788","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Emergency and Trauma College, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqiang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Hainan Tropical Forensic Engineering Research Center, Hainan Medical University , Haikou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2099","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00028-20","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00028-20","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019\u2013COVID-19","volume":"33","author":"Dhama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-020-09944-5","article-title":"The natural history, pathobiology, and clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infections","volume":"15","author":"Machhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-020-01017-8","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) \u2014 anatomic pathology perspective on current knowledge","volume":"15","author":"Mohanty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0004","first-page":"21","article-title":"[Gross examination report of a COVID-19\u00a0death autopsy]","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000478729","article-title":"Evolution and emergence of pathogenic viruses: past, present, and future","volume":"60","author":"Parvez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3493","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17103493","article-title":"Distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its monthly forecast based on seasonal climate patterns","volume":"17","author":"Scafetta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2020.113587","article-title":"Relationship between COVID-19 and weather: case study in a tropical country","volume":"229","author":"Rosario","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.011","article-title":"Current epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19; a global perspective from China","volume":"81","author":"Tu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002383","article-title":"Global influenza seasonality: reconciling patterns across temperate and tropical regions","volume":"119","author":"Tamerius","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5429","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01680-06","article-title":"Influenza seasonality: underlying causes and modeling theories","volume":"81","author":"Lofgren","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7692","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03544-13","article-title":"Roles of humidity and temperature in shaping influenza seasonality","volume":"88","author":"Lowen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.22.20025791","article-title":"Temperature significant change COVID-19 transmission in 429 cities","volume-title":"medRxiv","author":"Wang","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139051","article-title":"Effects of temperature and humidity on the daily new cases and new deaths of COVID-19 in 166 countries","volume":"729","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.128297","article-title":"COVID-19 and air pollution and meteorology\u2014an intricate relationship: a review","volume":"263","author":"Arun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0015","author":"WORLDBANK data","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0016","author":"Hainan Provincial Bureau of Statistics data","year":"2020"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"taaa038","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taaa038","article-title":"High population densities catalyse the spread of COVID-19","volume":"27","author":"Rockl\u00f6v","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-020-00438-6","article-title":"Slum health: arresting COVID-19 and improving well-being in urban informal settlements","volume":"97","author":"Corburn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2236","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30994-2","article-title":"Measuring performance on the healthcare access and quality index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2016","volume":"391","author":"Fullman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-00755-7","article-title":"Compare the epidemiological and clinical features of imported and local COVID-19 cases in Hainan, China","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"2023011609322871300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0318-5","article-title":"Pathological evidence for residual SARS-CoV-2 in pulmonary tissues of a ready-for-discharge patient","volume":"30","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res"}],"container-title":["Forensic Sciences Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/fsr\/article-pdf\/7\/3\/560\/48723334\/fsr_7_3_560.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/fsr\/article-pdf\/7\/3\/560\/48723334\/fsr_7_3_560.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T05:34:38Z","timestamp":1785735278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/researching.cn\/articles\/OJ59f53d5a20643416"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20961790.2021.1978173","relation":{},"ISSN":["2096-1790","2471-1411"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2096-1790","type":"print"},{"value":"2471-1411","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tfsr20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=tfsr20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2020-12-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-04","order":1,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}