{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:06:05Z","timestamp":1771002365090,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scand J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Aims: A study was undertaken to examine patterns of voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals across Europe. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys on sexual behaviour and HIV were performed including probability samples of the general population ages 18 - 49 years in Greece (n=2,000), Italy (n=2,603), Switzerland (n=2,777), and Norway (n=3,704). Results: Prevalence of lifetime voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals is 10.1%, 15.5%, 17.4%, and 40.9% in Greece, Italy, Norway, and Switzerland, respectively. Between 49.0% and 89.3% of individuals reporting risk behaviours never sought voluntary testing. Multivariate analysis shows that in some countries the likelihood of HIV testing is significantly higher for individuals aged 24 - 29 and 30 - 39 years, compared with younger respondents with the same risky behaviour. Among Swiss men and women higher educational level also significantly increases the probability of testing. Conclusions: The prevalence of voluntary HIV testing among heterosexuals with histories of risk is low. The needs of specific groups should be considered to improve HIV prevention and access to care. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/14034940310015014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,12]],"date-time":"2004-04-12T15:45:11Z","timestamp":1081784711000},"page":"102-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Voluntary HIV testing in Europe"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Renzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Igiene, Universit\u00e0 \"La Sapienza\", g, IDI-Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Roma, Italy"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Zantedeschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Igiene, Universit\u00e0 \"La Sapienza\""}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Signorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Igiene, Universit\u00e0 di Parma, Italy"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199912030-00003"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS","author":"Unaids","year":"1998"},{"issue":"5","key":"atypb3","volume":"47","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","year":"1998","journal-title":"MMWR - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.7.1019"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"52","volume":"48","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","year":"1999","journal-title":"MMWR- Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeannin A., Cohen M., Bajos N. Voluntary HIV testing. In: Hubert M, Bajos N, Sandfort T, editors. Sexual behaviour and HIV\/AIDS in Europe: comparisons of national surveys. 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