{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T10:41:25Z","timestamp":1772102485216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFRH\/BD\/144132\/2019; SFRH\/BD\/136789\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/144132\/2019; SFRH\/BD\/136789\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB04045\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB04045\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Sport Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study we aimed at analysing the effects of different weekly exercise volumes (1, 2 or 3 times 60\u2010min) on bone health, body composition and physical fitness of inactive middle\u2010to\u2010older\u2010aged males, after 16 weeks of recreational team handball (RTH). Fifty\u2010four men (68\u2009\u00b1\u20094 years, stature 169\u2009\u00b1\u20096\u2005cm; body mass 78.4\u2009\u00b1\u200910.7\u2005kg; fat mass 27.1\u2009\u00b1\u20095.3%; BMI 27.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.9\u2005kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; VO<jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub> 27.3\u2009\u00b1\u20094.8\u00a0mL\/min\/kg) were randomised into three intervention groups (TH1, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200913; TH2, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915; or TH3, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912, performing 1, 2 and 3 weekly 60\u2010min training sessions, respectively), and a control group (CG, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914). The training sessions consisted mainly of RTH matches played as small\u2010sided and formal game formats (4v4, 5v5, 6v6 or 7v7) with adapted rules. Matches\u2019 mean and peak heart rate (HR) ranged from 78\u201380% and 86\u201389%HR<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>, respectively, and distance covered from 4676 to 5202\u2005m. A time x group interaction was observed for procollagen type\u20101 amino\u2010terminal propeptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), carboxy\u2010terminal type\u20101 collagen crosslinks (CTX), sclerostin, upper and lower body dynamic strength, right arm fat mass, left and right arm, right leg and android total mass (TM; <jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2264\u20090.047) with the greatest effects being shown for TH2 and TH3\u00a0groups. Post\u2010intervention group differences were observed in CTX, left arm and right leg TM (TH3\u2009&gt;\u2009TH1), P1NP (TH2\u2009&gt;\u2009CG), OC, right arm TM (TH3\u2009&gt;\u2009CG), upper (CG\u2009&lt;\u2009TH1, TH2 and TH3) and lower body dynamic strength (CG\u2009&lt;\u2009TH1 and TH3) (<jats:italic>p\u2009<\/jats:italic>\u2264\u20090.047). RTH was effective in enhancing bone health, body composition and physical fitness in middle\u2010to\u2010older\u2010aged males, especially for the intervention groups that performed 2\u20133 weekly training sessions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> ID: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clinical-trials-gov\" xlink:href=\"NCT05295511\">NCT05295511<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Trial registration:<\/jats:bold> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> identifier: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"clinical-trials-gov\" xlink:href=\"NCT05295511\">NCT05295511<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Highlights<\/jats:bold>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>After 16 weeks of recreational team handball small\u2010sided and formal matches, inactive middle\u2010to\u2010older\u2010aged males improved bone health, body composition and physical fitness, by performing 1, 2 or 3 60\u2010min weekly sessions, however, greater improvements were shown in the groups that performed 2 or 3 weekly training sessions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Training intensity was similar across the intervention groups that performed recreational team handball for 1, 2 or 3 60\u2010min weekly sessions, which means that training volume is most likely to be the reason for the different health effects shown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The very high fun levels reported by all intervention groups shows that recreational team handball is a social and fun exercise modality for middle\u2010to\u2010older\u2010aged males, with potential to intrinsically motivate the participants and assure long\u2010term adherence to exercise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2023.2222685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T02:52:15Z","timestamp":1687920735000},"page":"2251-2263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Bone health, body composition and physical fitness dose\u2013response effects of 16 weeks of recreational team handball for inactive middle\u2010to\u2010older\u2010aged males \u2013 A randomised controlled 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