{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:13:11Z","timestamp":1774926791453,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The GGAs (Golgi-localized, \u03b3 ear\u2013containing, ADP ribosylation factor\u2013binding proteins) are multidomain proteins implicated in protein trafficking between the Golgi and endosomes. We examined whether the three mammalian GGAs act independently or together to mediate their functions. Using cryo-immunogold electron microscopy, the three GGAs were shown to colocalize within coated buds and vesicles at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) of HeLa cells. In vitro binding experiments revealed multidomain interactions between the GGAs, and chemical cross-linking experiments demonstrated that GGAs 1 and 2 form a complex on Golgi membranes. RNA interference of each GGA resulted in decreased levels of the other GGAs and their redistribution from the TGN to cytosol. This was associated with impaired incorporation of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor into clathrin-coated vesicles at the TGN, partial redistribution of the receptor to endosomes, and missorting of cathepsin D. The morphology of the TGN was also altered. These findings indicate that the three mammalian GGAs cooperate to sort cargo and are required for maintenance of TGN structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200308038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,24]],"date-time":"2003-11-24T22:12:18Z","timestamp":1069711938000},"page":"755-766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Mammalian GGAs act together to sort mannose 6-phosphate receptors"],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Pradipta","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Hans J.","family":"Geuze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center and Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Stuart","family":"Kornfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072214544084200_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.151.3.587","volume":"151","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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