{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:53:35Z","timestamp":1792673615255,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor (HGF\/SF) is the mesenchymal ligand of the epithelial tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met. In vitro, HGF\/SF has morphogenic properties, e.g., induces kidney epithelial cells to form branching ducts in collagen gels. Mutation of the HGF\/SF gene in mice results in embryonic lethality due to severe liver and placenta defects. Here, we have evaluated the morphogenic activity of HGF\/SF with a large variety of epithelial cells grown in three-dimensional collagen matrices. We found that HGF\/SF induces SW 1222 colon carcinoma cells to form crypt-like structures. In these organoids, cells exhibit apical\/basolateral polarity and build a well-developed brush border towards the lumen. Capan 2 pancreas carcinoma cells, upon addition of HGF\/SF, develop large hollow spheroids lined with a tight layer of polarized cells. Collagen inside the cysts is digested and the cells show features of pancreatic ducts. HGF\/SF induces EpH4 mammary epithelial cells to form long branches with end-buds that resemble developing mammary ducts. pRNS-1-1 prostate epithelial cells in the presence of HGF\/SF develop long ducts with distal branching as found in the prostate. Finally, HGF\/SF simulates alveolar differentiation in LX-1 lung carcinoma cells. Expression of transfected HGF\/SF cDNA in LX-1 lung carcinoma and EpH4 mammary epithelial cells induce morphogenesis in an autocrine manner. In the cell lines tested, HGF\/SF activated the Met receptor by phosphorylation of tyrosine residues. These data show that HGF\/SF induces intrinsic, tissue-specific morphogenic activities in a wide variety of epithelial cells. Apparently, HGF\/SF triggers respective endogenous programs and is thus an inductive, not an instructive, mesenchymal effector for epithelial morphogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.131.6.1573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]],"date-time":"2004-05-15T01:23:47Z","timestamp":1084584227000},"page":"1573-1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":250,"title":["Hepatocyte growth factor\/scatter factor induces a variety of tissue-specific morphogenic programs in epithelial cells."],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"V","family":"Brinkmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Delbr\u00fcck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Foroutan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Delbr\u00fcck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Sachs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Delbr\u00fcck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K M","family":"Weidner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Delbr\u00fcck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Birchmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Delbr\u00fcck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,15]]},"container-title":["The Journal of cell biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/131\/6\/1573\/1479480\/1573.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/131\/6\/1573\/1479480\/1573.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T06:09:36Z","timestamp":1690006176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article\/131\/6\/1573\/56456\/Hepatocyte-growth-factor-scatter-factor-induces-a"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.131.6.1573","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9525","1540-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9525","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8140","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,12,15]]}}}