{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:28:01Z","timestamp":1791588481573,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The integrin heterodimer alpha 6 beta 4 is expressed in many epithelia and in Schwann cells. In stratified epithelia, alpha 6 beta 4 couple with BPAG1-e and BPAG2 to form hemidesmosomes, attaching externally to laminin and internally to the keratin cytoskeleton. To explore the function of this atypical integrin, and its relation to conventional actin-associated integrins, we targeted the removal of the beta 4 gene in mice. Tissues that express alpha 6 beta 4 are grossly affected. Stratified tissues are devoid of hemidesmosomes, display only a very fragile attachment to the basal lamina, and exhibit signs of degeneration and tissue disorganization. Simple epithelia which express alpha 6 beta 4 are also defective in adherence, even though they do not form hemidesmosomes. In the absence of beta 4, alpha 6 is dramatically downregulated, and other integrins do not appear to compensate for the loss of this heterodimer. These data have important implications for understanding integrin function in cell-substratum adhesion, cell survival and differentiation, and for understanding the role of alpha 6 beta 4 in junctional epidermolysis bullosa, an often lethal human disorder with pathology similar to our mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.134.2.559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,15]],"date-time":"2004-05-15T01:23:47Z","timestamp":1084584227000},"page":"559-572","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":428,"title":["Beta4 integrin is required for hemidesmosome formation, cell adhesion and cell survival."],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Dowling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q C","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,7,15]]},"container-title":["The Journal of cell biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/134\/2\/559\/1480364\/559.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/134\/2\/559\/1480364\/559.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T06:25:15Z","timestamp":1690007115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article\/134\/2\/559\/15325\/Beta4-integrin-is-required-for-hemidesmosome"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,7,15]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.134.2.559","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9525","1540-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9525","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8140","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,7,15]]}}}