{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:42:09Z","timestamp":1793054529496,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although Schwann cell myelin breakdown is the universal outcome of a remarkably wide range of conditions that cause disease or injury to peripheral nerves, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that make Schwann cell\u2013mediated myelin digestion possible have not been established. We report that Schwann cells degrade myelin after injury by a novel form of selective autophagy, myelinophagy. Autophagy was up-regulated by myelinating Schwann cells after nerve injury, myelin debris was present in autophagosomes, and pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy impaired myelin clearance. Myelinophagy was positively regulated by the Schwann cell JNK\/c-Jun pathway, a central regulator of the Schwann cell reprogramming induced by nerve injury. We also present evidence that myelinophagy is defective in the injured central nervous system. These results reveal an important role for inductive autophagy during Wallerian degeneration, and point to potential mechanistic targets for accelerating myelin clearance and improving demyelinating disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201503019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T13:38:29Z","timestamp":1436189909000},"page":"153-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":433,"title":["Schwann cell autophagy, myelinophagy, initiates myelin clearance from injured nerves"],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Gomez-Sanchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Carty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Palomo-Irigoyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Varela-Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janina","family":"Hantke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Macias-Camara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Azkargorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"},{"name":"ProteoRed-ISCIII 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Aurrekoetxea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain 4"},{"name":"Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain 5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia Guti\u00e9rrez","family":"De Juan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold B.J.","family":"Jefferies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln\u2019s Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, England, UK 6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Aspichueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain 4"},{"name":"Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain 5"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Elortza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"},{"name":"ProteoRed-ISCIII 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Aransay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda L.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Chantar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"},{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU), E-48080 Bilbao, Spain 7"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Baas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Centre, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands 8"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Mato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhona","family":"Mirsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwin","family":"Woodhoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain 2"},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain 9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristj\u00e1n R.","family":"Jessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, England, UK 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.06.021","article-title":"c-Jun reprograms Schwann cells of injured nerves to generate a repair cell essential for regeneration","volume":"75","author":"Arthur-Farraj","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1021\/pr201223p","article-title":"Obesity-dependent metabolic signatures associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression","volume":"11","author":"Barr","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1139\/o59-099","article-title":"A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification","volume":"37","author":"Bligh","year":"1959","journal-title":"Can. J. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2013.12.002","article-title":"Contrasting the glial response to axon injury in the central and peripheral nervous systems","volume":"28","author":"Brosius Lutz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Cell."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R009761","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in myelinating glial cells: lessons from human inherited disorders and mouse models","volume":"52","author":"Chrast","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-410499-0.00007-1","article-title":"Role of inflammation and cytokines in peripheral nerve regeneration","volume":"108","author":"Dubov\u00fd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200109021","article-title":"Conditional disruption of \u03b2 1 integrin in Schwann cells impedes interactions with axons","volume":"156","author":"Feltri","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.168","article-title":"The machinery of macroautophagy","volume":"24","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01179817","article-title":"Schwann cells degrade myelin and proliferate in the absence of macrophages: evidence from in vitro studies of Wallerian degeneration","volume":"24","author":"Fernandez-Valle","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90208-9","article-title":"Periaxin, a novel protein of myelinating Schwann cells with a possible role in axonal ensheathment","volume":"12","author":"Gillespie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-01-00357.1994","article-title":"Fate of myelin lipids during degeneration and regeneration of peripheral nerve: an autoradiographic study","volume":"14","author":"Goodrum","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2922","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu257","article-title":"c-Jun activation in Schwann cells protects against loss of sensory axons in inherited neuropathy","volume":"137","author":"Hantke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10108","article-title":"Myelin phagocytosis by macrophages and nonmacrophages during Wallerian degeneration","volume":"57","author":"Hirata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.27.3.651","article-title":"Lysomes in the rat sciatic nerve following crush","volume":"27","author":"Holtzman","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2011.00360.x","article-title":"c-Jun expression in human neuropathies: a pilot study","volume":"16","author":"Hutton","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2752(1998)18:2&lt;119::AID-MICR10&gt;3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Functional indices for sciatic, peroneal, and posterior tibial nerve lesions in the mouse","volume":"18","author":"Inserra","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microsurgery."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0116624","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116624","article-title":"Autophagy is involved in the reduction of myelinating Schwann cell cytoplasm during myelin maturation of the peripheral nerve","volume":"10","author":"Jang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a020487","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020487","article-title":"Schwann cells: development and role in nerve repair","author":"Jessen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M400076-MCP200","article-title":"Proteomics of the injured rat sciatic nerve reveals protein expression dynamics during regeneration","volume":"4","author":"Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteomics."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2011.44.1.41","article-title":"Transient lysosomal activation is essential for p75 nerve growth factor receptor expression in myelinated Schwann cells during Wallerian degeneration","volume":"44","author":"Jung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4537-10.2011","article-title":"Actin polymerization is essential for myelin sheath fragmentation during Wallerian degeneration","volume":"31","author":"Jung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0237","article-title":"Autophagy in unicellular eukaryotes","volume":"365","author":"Kiel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.19496","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy","volume":"8","author":"Klionsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autophagy."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200412022","article-title":"Impairment of starvation-induced and constitutive autophagy in Atg7-deficient mice","volume":"169","author":"Komatsu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.09.023","article-title":"Autophagy and the integrated stress response","volume":"40","author":"Kroemer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib26","author":"Larocca","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09782","article-title":"Autophagy in immunity and inflammation","volume":"469","author":"Levine","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2008.00168.x","article-title":"Novel signals controlling embryonic Schwann cell development, myelination and dedifferentiation","volume":"13","author":"Mirsky","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Peripher. Nerv. Syst."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E03-09-0704","article-title":"In vivo analysis of autophagy in response to nutrient starvation using transgenic mice expressing a fluorescent autophagosome marker","volume":"15","author":"Mizushima","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16236","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3319-12.2013","article-title":"A critical role for macrophages near axotomized neuronal cell bodies in stimulating nerve regeneration","volume":"33","author":"Niemi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200803013","article-title":"c-Jun is a negative regulator of myelination","volume":"181","author":"Parkinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.08.020","article-title":"Time-course of the retinal nerve fibre layer degeneration after complete intra-orbital optic nerve transection or crush: a comparative study","volume":"49","author":"Parrilla-Reverter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.5.4.8390","article-title":"Ceramide-induced autophagy: to junk or to protect cells?","volume":"5","author":"Pattingre","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autophagy."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01063.x","article-title":"Radiation-induced reductions in macrophage recruitment have only slight effects on myelin degeneration in sectioned peripheral nerves of mice","volume":"7","author":"Perry","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070660","article-title":"Soluble complement receptor 1 protects the peripheral nerve from early axon loss after injury","volume":"172","author":"Ramaglia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11388","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1356-10.2010","article-title":"Rapamycin activates autophagy and improves myelination in explant cultures from neuropathic mice","volume":"30","author":"Rangaraju","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2009","article-title":"Regulation of mammalian autophagy in physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"90","author":"Ravikumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.11.034","article-title":"Mechanisms of autophagosome biogenesis","volume":"22","author":"Rubinsztein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)37430-7","article-title":"Quantification in the subnanomolar range of phospholipids and neutral lipids by monodimensional thin-layer chromatography and image analysis","volume":"38","author":"Ruiz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07976","article-title":"Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism","volume":"458","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.2144\/00291bm09","article-title":"Preparation of PCR-quality mouse genomic DNA with hot sodium hydroxide and tris (HotSHOT)","volume":"29","author":"Truett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biotechniques."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.01.037","article-title":"S-adenosylmethionine levels regulate the schwann cell DNA methylome","volume":"81","author":"Varela-Rey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11993","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1001948107","article-title":"Endogenous antibodies promote rapid myelin clearance and effective axon regeneration after nerve injury","volume":"107","author":"Vargas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00199-6","article-title":"Change in the molecular phenotype of Schwann cells upon transplantation into the central nervous system: down-regulation of c-jun","volume":"74","author":"Vaudano","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e318217eba0","article-title":"Myelin and axon pathology in a long-term study of PMP22-overexpressing mice","volume":"70","author":"Verhamme","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"2023072307474945500_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2323","article-title":"Notch controls embryonic Schwann cell differentiation, postnatal myelination and adult plasticity","volume":"12","author":"Woodhoo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Cell Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/210\/1\/153\/1590257\/jcb_201503019.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article-pdf\/210\/1\/153\/1590257\/jcb_201503019.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,23]],"date-time":"2023-07-23T03:48:41Z","timestamp":1690084121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jcb\/article\/210\/1\/153\/38076\/Schwann-cell-autophagy-myelinophagy-initiates"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.201503019","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.725620252.793509308","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0021-9525","1540-8140"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9525","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8140","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]]}}}