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Pericytes are well-recognized as important constituents of the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB), playing a key role in maintaining barrier integrity. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that exposure of human brain vascular pericytes to cocaine results in enhanced secretion of CXCL10, leading, in turn, to increased monocyte transmigration across the BBB both in vitro and in vivo. This process involved translocation of \u03c3-1 receptor (\u03c3-1R) and interaction of \u03c3-1R with c-Src kinase, leading to activation of the Src\u2013PDGFR-\u03b2\u2013NF-\u03baB pathway. These findings imply a novel role for pericytes as a source of CXCL10 in the pericyte\u2013monocyte cross talk in cocaine-mediated neuroinflammation, underpinning their role as active components of the innate immune responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201712011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]],"date-time":"2019-01-09T20:55:25Z","timestamp":1547067325000},"page":"700-721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Cocaine-induced release of CXCL10 from pericytes regulates monocyte transmigration into the CNS"],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"218","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-7409","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fang","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4792-0416","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guoku","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susmita","family":"Sil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6241-3335","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shannon","family":"Callen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-lei","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3103-6685","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shilpa","family":"Buch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072310112656900_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116021","article-title":"New evidence on intravenous cocaine use and the risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1","volume":"134","author":"Anthony","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. 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