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Mutations in human OPA1 cause optic atrophy, but the molecular basis for membrane fusion and pathogenesis is not clear. Here, we determined the crystal structure of the minimal GTPase domain (MGD) of human OPA1. A three-helix bundle (HB) domain including two helices extending from the GTPase (G) domain and the last helix of OPA1 tightly associates with the G domain. In the presence of GDP and BeF3\u2212, OPA1-MGD forms a dimer, the interface of which is critical for the maintenance of mitochondrial morphology. The catalytic core of OPA1 possesses unique features that are not present in other dynamin-like proteins. Biochemical experiments revealed that OPA1-MGD forms nucleotide-dependent dimers, which is important for membrane-stimulated GTP hydrolysis, and an N-terminal extension mediates nucleotide-independent dimerization that facilitates efficient membrane association. Our results suggest a multifaceted assembly of OPA1 and explain the effect of most OPA1 mutations on optic atrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201907098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T13:04:01Z","timestamp":1588856641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1083\/jcb.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Structural insights into G domain dimerization and pathogenic mutation of OPA1"],"prefix":"10.1083","volume":"219","author":[{"given":"Caiting","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6589-3677","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuanbo","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4712-2243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junjie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihe","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 1"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 2"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Macromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072317492173300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444912001308","article-title":"Towards automated crystallographic structure refinement with phenix.refine","volume":"68","author":"Afonine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr. 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