{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T06:15:25Z","timestamp":1779344125812,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase Tec has been proposed to have important functions in hematopoiesis and lymphocyte signal transduction. Here we show that Tec-deficient mice developed normally and had no major phenotypic alterations of the immune system. To reveal potential compensatory roles of other Tec kinases such as Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), Tec\/Btk double-deficient mice were generated. These mice exhibited a block at the B220+CD43+ stage of B cell development and displayed a severe reduction of peripheral B cell numbers, particularly immunoglobulin (Ig)MloIgDhi B cells. Although Tec\/Btknull mice were able to form germinal centers, the response to T cell\u2013dependent antigens was impaired. Thus, Tec and Btk together have an important role both during B cell development and in the generation and\/or function of the peripheral B cell pool. The ability of Tec to compensate for Btk may also explain phenotypic differences in X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) mice compared with human X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.11.1611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"1611-1624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Severe B Cell Deficiency in Mice Lacking the Tec Kinase Family Members Tec and Btk"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Wilfried","family":"Ellmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aMolecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine,"},{"name":"bHoward Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aMolecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Jean","family":"Sunshine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aMolecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine,"},{"name":"bHoward Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Hatam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aMolecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine,"},{"name":"bHoward Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cDepartment of Biology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Baltimore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dOffice of the President, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Mano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"eDivision of Functional Genomics, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan R.","family":"Littman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aMolecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine,"},{"name":"bHoward Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072509180016100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(97)80106-9","article-title":"Protein tyrosine kinases in thymocyte development","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr. 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