{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T02:58:35Z","timestamp":1770778715367,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BALB\/c athymic nu\/nu mice spontaneously developed organ-specific (gastritis, thyroiditis, oophoritis, or orchitis) and systemic (arteritis, glomerulonephritis, and polyarthritis) autoimmune diseases when transplanted with neonatal BALB\/c thymuses. Transplantation of thymuses from adult BALB\/c mice was far less effective in inducing histologically evident organ-specific autoimmune disease in nu\/nu mice. Autoimmune disease developed, however, when adult thymuses were irradiated at a T cell-depleting dose before transplantation. Engrafting newborn thymuses into BALB\/c mice T cell depleted by thymectomy, irradiation, and bone marrow transplantation produced similar organ-specific autoimmune disease as well, but thymus engrafting into T cell-nondepleted BALB\/c mice (i.e., mice thymectomized as adults, but not irradiated) did not, despite the fact that transplanted thymuses grew well in both groups of mice. The mice with organ-specific autoimmune disease produced autoantibodies specific for the respective organ components, such as gastric parietal cells, thyroglobulins, oocytes, or sperm. The thymus-transplanted nu\/nu mice also had hypergammaglobulinemia and developed anti-DNA autoantibodies, rheumatoid factors, and immune complexes in the circulation. These results indicate that: (a) the thymus of a murine strain that does not develop spontaneous autoimmune disease can produce pathogenic self-reactive T cells that mediate organ-specific and\/or systemic autoimmune diseases; and (b) such self-reactive T cells, especially those mediating organ-specific autoimmune disease, spontaneously expand and cause autoimmune disease when released to the T cell-deficient or -eliminated periphery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.2.537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]],"date-time":"2004-06-24T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1088063770000},"page":"537-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Thymus and autoimmunity: capacity of the normal thymus to produce pathogenic self-reactive T cells and conditions required for their induction of autoimmune disease."],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Sakaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, California 92037."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of experimental medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/172\/2\/537\/1670892\/537.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/172\/2\/537\/1670892\/537.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T01:44:03Z","timestamp":1690249443000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/172\/2\/537\/50168\/Thymus-and-autoimmunity-capacity-of-the-normal"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.172.2.537","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,8,1]]}}}