{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T11:53:16Z","timestamp":1761393196556},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>PT-9K\/129G, a nontoxic mutant of pertussis toxin (PT) obtained by genetic manipulation, has been shown in animal models to be a promising candidate for new vaccines against whooping cough. To assess the safety and the immunogenicity of PT-9K\/129G in humans, a pilot study has been performed in adult volunteers. The protein was found to be safe, capable of inducing high titers of toxin-neutralizing antibodies, and capable of generating immunological memory. In fact, vaccination caused an increase of cell-mediated response to PT, PT-9K\/129G, S1 subunit, and B oligomer, indicating that memory T cells are induced by the vaccine. Since PT-9K\/129G is mitogenic for T lymphocytes in vitro, it was investigated whether this activity is also present in vivo. No variation was observed in the proportion of T cells (CD3+), T helper cells (CD4+), and cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), as well as in that of other lymphoid populations, by FACS analysis. Interestingly, no thorough correlation was found between humoral and cellular responses. In one case, a very high cellular response was present in absence of detectable antibodies, suggesting that the antibody response, which is the only parameter measured in most clinical trials, may not give a complete picture of the response induced by a vaccine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.172.3.861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]],"date-time":"2004-06-24T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1088063770000},"page":"861-868","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Metabolic, humoral, and cellular responses in adult volunteers immunized with the genetically inactivated pertussis toxin mutant PT-9K\/129G."],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Podda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Nencioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M T","family":"De Magistris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Di Tommaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Boss\u00f9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Nuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Pileri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Peppoloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Bugnoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Ruggiero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sclavo Research Center, Sienna, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of experimental medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/172\/3\/861\/1671147\/861.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/172\/3\/861\/1671147\/861.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T01:46:14Z","timestamp":1690249574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/172\/3\/861\/24528\/Metabolic-humoral-and-cellular-responses-in-adult"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.172.3.861","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,9,1]]}}}