{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T17:24:41Z","timestamp":1770830681520,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>HTLV-1 is implicated in the development of diverse diseases. However, most HTLV-1-infected individuals remain asymptomatic. How HTLV-1 infection leads to disparate consequences remains a mystery, despite extensive investigation of HTLV-1 isolates from infected individuals. As in human infection, experimental HTLV-1 infection in rabbits is generally benign, although HTLV-1-infected rabbit T cell lines that mediate lethal leukemia-like disease have been reported. We report here that thymuses from mature outbred rabbits inoculated with a lethal leukemia-like disease have been reported. We report here that thymuses from mature outbred rabbits inoculated with a lethal HTLV-1 T cell line (RH\/K34) showed morphological and biochemical evidence of apoptosis, whereas thymuses from rabbits inoculated with nonlethal HTLV-1 T cell lines showed no signs of apoptosis. Exposure of rabbit or human lymphocytes to purified virus from RH\/K34 caused rapid induction of apoptosis, providing an in vitro correlate to the pathogenic effects. By contrast, virus isolated from a nonlethal cell line mediated dose-dependent lymphocyte proliferation. These data implicate lymphocyte apoptosis as a potential mechanism by which the lethal HTLV-1 cell line causes fulminant disease and provide a means to identify factors contributing to HTLV-1 disease. Results from this HTLV-1 infection model can provide insight into variations in HTLV-1 pathogenicity in human infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.4.1575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,24]],"date-time":"2004-06-24T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1088063770000},"page":"1575-1580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Human T lymphocyte virus 1 from a leukemogenic cell line mediates in vivo and in vitro lymphocyte apoptosis."],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Leno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R M","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F S","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T J","family":"Kindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of experimental medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/181\/4\/1575\/1676802\/1575.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/181\/4\/1575\/1676802\/1575.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T06:39:03Z","timestamp":1690267143000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/181\/4\/1575\/25290\/Human-T-lymphocyte-virus-1-from-a-leukemogenic"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.181.4.1575","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,1]]}}}