{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:39:55Z","timestamp":1791257995660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Migration of mature B lymphocytes within secondary lymphoid organs and recirculation between these sites are thought to allow B cells to obtain T cell help, to undergo somatic hypermutation, to differentiate into effector cells, and to home to sites of antibody production. The mechanisms that direct migration of B lymphocytes are unknown, but there is evidence that G protein\u2013coupled receptors, and possibly chemokine receptors, may be involved. Stromal cell\u2013 derived factor (SDF)-1\u03b1 is a CXC chemokine previously characterized as an efficacious chemoattractant for T lymphocytes and monocytes in peripheral blood. Here we show with purified tonsillar B cells that SDF-1\u03b1 also attracts naive and memory, but not germinal center (GC) B lymphocytes. Furthermore, GC B cells could be converted to respond to SDF-1\u03b1 by in vitro differentiation into memory B lymphocytes. Conversely, the migratory response in naive and memory B cells was significantly reduced after B cell receptor engagement and CD40 signaling. The receptor for SDF-1, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), was found to be expressed on responsive as well as unresponsive B cell subsets, but was more rapidly downregulated on responsive cells by ligand. Finally, messenger RNA for SDF-1 was detected by in situ hybridization in a layer of cells surrounding the GC. These findings show that responsiveness to the chemoattractant SDF-1\u03b1 is regulated during B lymphocyte activation, and correlates with positioning of B lymphocytes within a secondary lymphoid organ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.5.753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:49:30Z","timestamp":1027702170000},"page":"753-762","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":189,"title":["B Lymphocyte Chemotaxis Regulated in Association with Microanatomic Localization, Differentiation State, and B Cell Receptor Engagement"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Conrad C.","family":"Bleul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From *The Center for Blood Research and Harvard Medical School, Department of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and the \u2020Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim L.","family":"Schultze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From *The Center for Blood Research and Harvard Medical School, Department of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and the \u2020Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy A.","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From *The Center for Blood Research and Harvard Medical School, Department of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; and the \u2020Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 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