{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:26:50Z","timestamp":1792740410589,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study describes the construction of soluble major histocompatibility complexes consisting of the mouse class I molecule, H-2Db, chemically biotinylated \u03b22 microglobulin and a peptide epitope derived from the glycoprotein (GP; amino acids 33\u201341) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Tetrameric class I complexes, which were produced by mixing the class I complexes with phycoerythrin-labeled neutravidin, permitted direct analysis of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by flow cytometry. This technique was validated by (a) staining CD8+ cells in the spleens of transgenic mice that express a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for H-2Db in association with peptide GP33\u201341, and (b) by staining virus-specific CTLs in the cerebrospinal fluid of C57BL\/6 (B6) mice that had been infected intracranially with LCMV-DOCILE. Staining of spleen cells isolated from B6 mice revealed that up to 40% of CD8+ T cells were GP33 tetramer+ during the initial phase of LCMV infection. In contrast, GP33 tetramers did not stain CD8+ T cells isolated from the spleens of B6 mice that had been infected 2 mo previously with LCMV above the background levels found in naive mice. The fate of virus-specific CTLs was analyzed during the acute phase of infection in mice challenged both intracranially and intravenously with a high or low dose of LCMV-DOCILE. The results of the study show that the outcome of infection by LCMV is determined by antigen load alone. Furthermore, the data indicate that deletion of virus-specific CTLs in the presence of excessive antigen is preceded by TCR downregulation and is dependent upon perforin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.9.1383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T12:49:30Z","timestamp":1027687770000},"page":"1383-1393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":635,"title":["Induction and Exhaustion of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus\u2013specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Visualized Using Soluble Tetrameric Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I\u2013Peptide Complexes"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"187","author":[{"given":"Awen","family":"Gallimore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the \u2021Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, United Kingdom; and the \u00a7Biochemische Institut, 8057, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Glithero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the \u2021Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, United Kingdom; and the \u00a7Biochemische Institut, 8057, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Godkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the \u2021Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, United Kingdom; and the \u00a7Biochemische Institut, 8057, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain C.","family":"Tissot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the \u2021Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, United Kingdom; and the \u00a7Biochemische Institut, 8057, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pl\u00fcckthun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the \u2021Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX39DU, United Kingdom; and the \u00a7Biochemische Institut, 8057, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Institute of Experimental Immunology, CH-8091, Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland; the 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