{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T14:01:39Z","timestamp":1777471299866,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Induction of antigen-specific suppression elicited by environmental insults, such as ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation in sunlight, can inhibit an effective immune response in vivo and may contribute to the outgrowth of UV-induced skin cancer. Although UV-induced DNA damage is known to be an initiating event in the immune suppression of most antigen responses, the underlying mechanism(s) of such suppression remain undefined. In this report, we document that Fas ligand (FasL) is critical for UV-induced systemic immune suppression. Normal mice acutely exposed to UV exhibit a profound suppression of both contact hypersensitivity and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions and the development of transferable antigen-specific suppressor cells. FasL-deficient mice exposed to UV lack both transferable suppressor cell activity and primary suppression to all antigens tested, with the exception of the DTH response to allogeneic spleen cells. Interestingly, suppression of this response is also known to occur independently of UV-induced DNA damage. Delivery of alloantigen as protein, rather than intact cells, restored the requirement for FasL in UV-induced immune suppression of this response. These results substantiate that FasL\/Fas interactions are essential for systemic UV-induced suppression of immune responses that involve host antigen presentation and suggest an interrelationship between UV-induced DNA damage and FasL in this phenomenon. Collectively, our results suggest a model whereby UV-induced DNA damage disarms the immune system in a manner similar to that observed in immunologically privileged sites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.8.1285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"1285-1294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["A Critical Role for Fas Ligand in the Active Suppression of Systemic Immune Responses by Ultraviolet Radiation"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"189","author":[{"given":"Laurie L.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Immunology, University of \u2009Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Shreedhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Immunology, University of \u2009Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret L.","family":"Kripke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Immunology, University of \u2009Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurie B.","family":"Owen-Schaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Immunology, University of \u2009Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072508381772700_B1","first-page":"515","article-title":"Sun and skin cancer","volume":"56","author":"Whittaker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Hosp Med"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.4.1688","article-title":"Systemic alteration induced in mice by ultraviolet light irradiation and its relationship to ultraviolet carcinogenesis","volume":"74","author":"Fisher","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1165","article-title":"Sunlight-induced basal cell carcinoma tumor cells and ultraviolet-B-irradiated psoriatic plaques express Fas ligand (CD95L)","volume":"101","author":"Gutierrez-Steil","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1097\/00062752-199704060-00015","article-title":"Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease","volume":"4","author":"Orlin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr Opin Hematol"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B5","first-page":"16","article-title":"Pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma: implications for the use of recombinant cytokines and photopheresis","volume":"107","author":"Rook","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1984.tb00496.x","article-title":"Immunological unresponsiveness induced by ultraviolet radiation","volume":"80","author":"Kripke","year":"1984","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"2023072508381772700_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00241633","article-title":"Genetic basis of the effects of ultraviolet-B on cutaneous immunity. 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