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This effect can be fully prevented by iNOS inhibitors and is dependent on DNA methylation. NO donors also cause FMR1 and HPRT gene silencing. NO-induced methylation of FMR1 CpG island can be reverted by demethylating agents which, in turn, produce the recovery of gene expression. The effects of IL-1\u03b2 and NO appear to be exerted through activation of DNA methyltransferase (DNA MeTase). Although exposure of the cells to NO does not increase DNA MeTase gene expression, the activity of the enzyme selectively increases when NO is applied directly on a nuclear protein extract. These findings reveal a previously unknown effect of IL-1\u03b2 and NO on gene expression, and demonstrate a novel pathway for gene silencing based on activation of DNA MeTase by NO and acute modification of CpG island methylation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.11.1595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"1595-1604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Methylation-Dependent Gene Silencing Induced by Interleukin 1\u03b2 via Nitric Oxide Production"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"190","author":[{"given":"Abdelkrim","family":"Hmadcha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartamento de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Bedoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartamento de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Sobrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartamento de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Pintado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartamento de Bioqu\u00edmica M\u00e9dica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072508425871600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/321209a0","article-title":"CpG islands and the function of DNA methylation","volume":"321","author":"Bird","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023072508425871600_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.55.3.451-458.1991","article-title":"DNA methylation and gene expression","volume":"55","author":"Razin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Microbiol. 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