{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T21:03:32Z","timestamp":1782421412623,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although \u03b3\u03b4 T cells are involved in the regulation of inflammation after infection, their precise function is not known. Intraperitoneal infection of T cell receptor (TCR)-\u03b4\u2212\/\u2212 mice with the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes resulted in the development of necrotic foci in the livers. In contrast, the peritoneal cavities of infected TCR-\u03b4\u2212\/\u2212 mice contained an accumulation of low density activated macrophages and a reduced percentage of macrophages undergoing apoptosis. \u03b3\u03b4 T cell hybridomas derived from mice infected with Listeria were preferentially stimulated by low density macrophages from peritoneal exudates of infected mice. Furthermore, primary splenic \u03b3\u03b4 T cells isolated from Listeria-infected mice were cytotoxic for low density macrophages in vitro, and cytotoxicity was inhibited in the presence of antibodies to the \u03b3\u03b4 TCR. These results demonstrate a novel interaction between \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and activated macrophages in which \u03b3\u03b4 T cells are stimulated by terminally differentiated macrophages to acquire cytotoxic activity and which, in turn, induce macrophage cell death. This interaction suggests that \u03b3\u03b4 T cells regulate the inflammatory response to infection with intracellular pathogens by eliminating activated macrophages at the termination of the response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.12.2145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"2145-2158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Downmodulation of the Inflammatory Response to Bacterial Infection by \u03b3\u03b4 T Cells Cytotoxic for Activated Macrophages"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"191","author":[{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Egan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon R.","family":"Carding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072509051927800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8303269","article-title":"Remodeling schemes of intracellular pathogens","volume":"263","author":"Small","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2023072509051927800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(91)90103-Z","article-title":"Lymphocytes play the music but macrophages call the tune","volume":"12","author":"Solbach","year":"1991","journal-title":"Immunol. 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