{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:32:14Z","timestamp":1761154334676},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although coinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Schistosoma mansoni is a frequent event in humans, little is known about the interactions between these two pathogens. S. mansoni infection induces T helper cell type 2 (Th2)\u2013type cytokines in the liver of humans and mice. The intrahepatic induction of nitric oxide (NO) and Th1-type cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 and IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2, inhibits HBV replication noncytopathically in the liver of transgenic mice. To examine whether S. mansoni infection and the accompanying induction of Th2-type cytokines could interfere with HBV replication in the liver, HBV transgenic mice were infected with S. mansoni. By 5 wk after infection, HBV replication disappeared concomitant with the intrahepatic induction of NO and Th1-type cytokines, and in the absence of Th2-type cytokines. By 6\u20138 wk after infection, HBV replication remained undetectable and this was associated with further induction of NO and Th1-type cytokines together with the appearance of Th2-type cytokines. The S. mansoni\u2013dependent antiviral effect was partially blocked by genetically deleting IFN-\u03b3, although it was unaffected by deletion of IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2. These results indicate that IFN-\u03b3 (probably via NO) mediates most of this antiviral activity and that Th2-type cytokines do not counteract the antiviral effect of IFN-\u03b3. Similar events may suppress HBV replication during human S. mansoni infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.2.289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"289-294","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus Replication during <i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i> Infection in Transgenic Mice"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Heike","family":"McClary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis V.","family":"Chisari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca G.","family":"Guidotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072509241323400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.13.040195.000333","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus immunopathogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Chisari","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. 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