{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:47:15Z","timestamp":1790801235445,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Members of the genus Trypanosoma cause African trypanosomiasis in humans and animals in Africa. Infection of mammals by African trypanosomes is characterized by an upregulation of prostaglandin (PG) production in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. These metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) may, in part, be responsible for symptoms such as fever, headache, immunosuppression, deep muscle hyperaesthesia, miscarriage, ovarian dysfunction, sleepiness, and other symptoms observed in patients with chronic African trypanosomiasis. Here, we show that the protozoan parasite T. brucei is involved in PG production and that it produces PGs enzymatically from AA and its metabolite, PGH2. Among all PGs synthesized, PGF2\u03b1 was the major prostanoid produced by trypanosome lysates. We have purified a novel T. brucei PGF2\u03b1 synthase (TbPGFS) and cloned its cDNA. Phylogenetic analysis and molecular properties revealed that TbPGFS is completely distinct from mammalian PGF synthases. We also found that TbPGFS mRNA expression and TbPGFS activity were high in the early logarithmic growth phase and low during the stationary phase. The characterization of TbPGFS and its gene in T. brucei provides a basis for the molecular analysis of the role of parasite-derived PGF2\u03b1 in the physiology of the parasite and the pathogenesis of African trypanosomiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.9.1327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"1327-1338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Identification of a Novel Prostaglandin F2\u03b1 Synthase in <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Bruno Kilunga","family":"Kubata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka 565-0874, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Duszenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bPhysiologisch-chemisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakayi","family":"Kabututu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cDepartment of Molecular Protozoology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Rawer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bPhysiologisch-chemisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Szallies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"bPhysiologisch-chemisches Institut der Universit\u00e4t T\u00fcbingen, 72076 T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ko","family":"Fujimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dCore Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Inui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dCore Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyoshi","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"eDepartment of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kouwa","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"fResearch and Development Division, Pharmaceuticals Group, Nippon Kayaku Company, Limited, Tokyo 102-8172, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Horii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"cDepartment of Molecular Protozoology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Urade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka 565-0874, Japan"},{"name":"dCore Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Hayaishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Molecular Behavioral Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka 565-0874, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072509364763500_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60430-7","article-title":"Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthases-1 and -2","volume":"62","author":"Smith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienesformation and biological roles","volume":"75","author":"Samuelsson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Harvey Lect."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197704212961605","article-title":"Aspects of prostaglandin function in the lung (second of two parts)","volume":"296","author":"Math\u00e9","year":"1977","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7306(08)60533-5","article-title":"The prostaglandins and essential fatty acids","volume-title":"Prostaglandins and Related Substances","author":"Oliw","year":"1983"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R5","first-page":"461","article-title":"Prostaglandins and thromboxanes","volume-title":"Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations","author":"Glew","year":"1992"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.12.1063","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase in biology and disease","volume":"12","author":"Dubois","year":"1998","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2000.0564","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of sleep-wake regulationa role of prostaglandin D2","volume":"B.","author":"Hayaishi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0262-1746(86)90136-8","article-title":"Ionophore A23187 stimulates Entamoeba histolytica to release prostaglandin F2\u03b1","volume":"22","author":"Alam","year":"1986","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Med"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.6.1197","article-title":"Plasmodium falciparum produces prostaglandins that are pyrogenic, somnogenic, and immunosuppressive substances in humans","volume":"188","author":"Kubata","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(95)80185-5","article-title":"Eicosanoid production by parasitesfrom pathogenesis to immunomodulation","volume":"11","author":"Belley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(90)90076-O","article-title":"Arachidonic acid metabolism in filaria parasites","volume":"71","author":"Liu","year":"1990","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3130223","article-title":"Purification and characterization of prostaglandin-H E-isomerase, a sigma-class glutathione S-transferase, from Ascaris galli","volume":"313","author":"Meyer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. J"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.2307\/3284657","article-title":"Arachidonic acid metabolism to prostaglandin E2, D2, F2\u03b1, and I2 in the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei","volume":"84","author":"Gao","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.2307\/3281679","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoniproduction of cercarial eicosanoids as correlates of penetration and transformation","volume":"7","author":"Fusco","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00218790","article-title":"Prostaglandins may play a signal-coupling role during phagocytosis in Amoeba proteus","volume":"255","author":"Prusch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/0093-691X(89)90276-8","article-title":"Trypanosome-induced increase in prostaglandin F2\u03b1 and its relationship with corpus luteum function in the goat","volume":"32","author":"Mutayoba","year":"1989","journal-title":"Theriogenology."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(90)90085-S","article-title":"The somnogenic T lymphocyte suppressor prostaglandin D2 is selectively elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of advanced sleeping sickness patients","volume":"84","author":"Pentreath","year":"1990","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(95)00027-X","article-title":"A novel cultivation technique for long term maintenance of bloodstream-form trypanosomes in vitro","volume":"70","author":"Hesse","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(90)90075-W","article-title":"Differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream trypomastigotes from long slender to short stumpy-like forms in axenic culture","volume":"40","author":"Hamm","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.162.4.1256","article-title":"Cysteine eliminates the feeder cell requirement for cultivation of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms in vitro","volume":"162","author":"Duszenko","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(88)90477-8","article-title":"Prostaglandin D2 formation and characterization of its synthases in various tissues of adult rats","volume":"260","author":"Ujihara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80374-8","article-title":"Cloning and crystal structure of hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase","volume":"90","author":"Kanaoka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7220","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7220","article-title":"Identification of human prostaglandin E synthasea microsomal, glutathione-dependent, inducible enzyme, constituting a potential novel drug target","volume":"96","author":"Jakobsson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/bms.1200081102","article-title":"Dimethylisopropylsilyl ether derivatives in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of prostaglandins and thromboxane B2","volume":"8","author":"Miyazaki","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biomed. Mass Spectrom."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(92)90061-B","article-title":"In-gel digestion of proteins for internal sequence analysis after one- or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis","volume":"203","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(84)90552-X","article-title":"Trypanosome mRNAs share a common 5' spliced leader sequence","volume":"38","author":"Parsons","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.22.4673","article-title":"CLUSTAL Wimproving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R28","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining methoda new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(89)90255-X","article-title":"The acquisition of lipids by African trypanosomes","volume":"5","author":"Mellors","year":"1989","journal-title":"Parasitol. Today."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R30","first-page":"481","article-title":"Lipid content of the long slender and stumpy forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiensea comparative study","volume":"53B","author":"Venkatesan","year":"1976","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90094-E","article-title":"Molecular species analysis of phospholipids from Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream and procyclic forms","volume":"58","author":"Patnaik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.290110208","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 from Trypanosoma congolensecharacterization and haematological properties","volume":"11","author":"Nok","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell Biochem. Function."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3360659","article-title":"Calcium entry in Trypanosoma brucei is regulated by phospholipase A2 and arachidonic acid","volume":"336","author":"Eintracht","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R34","first-page":"232","article-title":"Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for the aspirin-like drugs","volume":"231","author":"Vane","year":"1971","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R35"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111296","article-title":"Unidirectional transfer of prostaglandin endoperoxides between platelets and endothelial cells","volume":"73","author":"Schafer","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4889(89)90072-4","article-title":"Evidence for a bidirectional prostaglandin endoperoxide shunt between platelets and the bovine coronary artery","volume":"1011","author":"Mayeux","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111089","article-title":"Endogenous prostacyclin biosynthesis and platelet function during selective inhibition of thromboxane synthesis in man","volume":"72","author":"FitzGerald","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R39","first-page":"299","article-title":"Endogenous prostacyclin contributes to the efficacy of a thromboxane synthase inhibitor for preventing coronary artery thrombosis","volume":"219","author":"Aiken","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(97)84253-0","article-title":"A nomenclature for the aldo-keto reductase superfamily","volume":"54","author":"Jez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7035","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)88884-6","article-title":"Enzymatic formation of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 from prostaglandin H2 and D2","volume":"260","author":"Watanabe","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00969923","article-title":"Enzymatic formation of prostaglandin F2\u03b1 in human brain","volume":"15","author":"Hayashi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(05)81413-5","article-title":"Expression of bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase in E. coli","volume":"181","author":"Watanabe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(92)90539-9","article-title":"Purification and characterization of prostaglandin F synthase from bovine liver","volume":"296","author":"Chen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(05)80323-7","article-title":"A lung type prostaglandin F synthase is expressed in bovine livercDNA sequence and expression in E. coli","volume":"Commun. 183","author":"Kuchinke","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7306(08)60537-2","article-title":"Enzymes in the arachidonic cascade","volume-title":"Prostaglandins and Related Substances","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1983"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1995.264_c.x","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2-9-ketoreductase from corpus luteum of pseudopregnant rabbit is a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily featuring 20\u03b1-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity","volume":"234","author":"Wintergalen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.6.1583","article-title":"Stereospecific conversion of prostaglandin D2 to (5Z, 13E)-(15S)-9\u03b1, 11\u03b2,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (9\u03b1,11\u03b2-prostaglandin F2) and prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin F2\u03b1 by bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase","volume":"83","author":"Watanabe","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.4.2745","article-title":"A developmentally regulated aconitase related to iron-regulatory protein-1 is localized in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"275","author":"Saas","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(91)90023-Y","article-title":"Alteration in Krebs cycle enzyme activities and carbohydrate catabolism in two strains of Trypanosoma brucei during in vitro differentiation of their bloodstream to procyclic stages","volume":"45","author":"Durieux","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00763067","article-title":"Developmental regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in Trypanosoma brucei","volume":"26","author":"Priest","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Bioenerg. Biomembr."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(83)90053-1","article-title":"Purine metabolism in Leishmania donovani amastigotes and promastigotes","volume":"9","author":"Looker","year":"1983","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(82)90021-4","article-title":"A comparative study of Leishmania mexicana amastigotes and promastigotes. Enzyme activities and subcellular locations","volume":"5","author":"Coombs","year":"1982","journal-title":"Mol. Biochem. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(85)90067-0","article-title":"Leishmania mexicanasubcellular distribution of enzymes in amastigotes and promastigotes","volume":"59","author":"Mottram","year":"1985","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000065082","article-title":"Endotoxins in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with African sleeping sickness","volume":"112","author":"Pentreath","year":"1996","journal-title":"Parasitol."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00932678","article-title":"Production of prostaglandins D2 and E2 by mouse fibroblasts and astrocytes in culture caused by Trypanosoma brucei brucei products and endotoxin","volume":"80","author":"Alafiatayo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)84990-6","article-title":"The developmentally regulated P100\/11E gene of Leishmania major shows homology to a superfamily of reductase genes","volume":"264","author":"Samaras","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.1.11","article-title":"Structural similarity of bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase to lens \u03b5-crystallin of the European common frog","volume":"85","author":"Watanabe","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-143-11-3431","article-title":"Sequencing and functional annotation of Bacillus subtilis genes in the 200 kb rrnB-dnaB region","volume":"143","author":"Lapidus","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microbiology."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(91)90592-Y","article-title":"Cloning and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of the NAD(P)H-dependent xylose reductase encoding gene (XYL1) from xylose assimilating yeast Pichia stipitis","volume":"109","author":"Amore","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"2023072509364763500_R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15833.x","article-title":"Induced plant responses to pathogen attack. Analysis and heterologous expression of the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv. Harosoy 63)","volume":"196","author":"Welle","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/192\/9\/1327\/1701125\/001008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article-pdf\/192\/9\/1327\/1701125\/001008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T10:49:00Z","timestamp":1690282140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/rupress.org\/jem\/article\/192\/9\/1327\/25939\/Identification-of-a-Novel-Prostaglandin-F2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,6]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.192.9.1327","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1007","1540-9538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1007","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-9538","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,11,6]]}}}