{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:11:01Z","timestamp":1790359861326,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent data indicate that some cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) recognize so-called cryptic epitopes, encoded by nonprimary open reading frame (ORF) sequences or other nonclassical expression pathways. We describe here a novel mechanism leading to generation of a cryptic CTL epitope. We isolated from the synovial fluid of a patient suffering from a Reiter's syndrome an autoreactive T cell clone that recognized cellular IL-10 in the HLA-B*2705 context. The minimal IL-10 sequence corresponding to nucleotides 379\u2013408 was shown to activate this clone, upon cotransfection into COS cells with the DNA encoding HLA-B*2705, but the synthetic peptide deduced from this sequence did not stimulate the clone. Using a site-directed mutagenesis approach, we found that this clone recognized a transframe epitope generated by an internal +1 frameshifting in the IL-10 sequence and so derived partly from ORF1, partly from ORF2. We defined that +1 frameshifting was induced by a specific heptamer sequence. These observations illustrate the variety of mechanisms leading to generation of cryptic epitopes and suggest that frameshifting in normal cellular genes may be more common than expected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T16:48:33Z","timestamp":1027702113000},"page":"353-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["+1 Frameshifting as a Novel Mechanism to Generate a Cryptic Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitope Derived from Human Interleukin 10"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Xavier","family":"Saulquin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Scotet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydie","family":"Trautmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Alix","family":"Peyrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Halary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bonneville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Houssaint","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U463, Institut de Biologie, Nantes Cedex 01, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072511232773700_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01342-5","volume":"19","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunol. 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