{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:28:54Z","timestamp":1791412134701,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Rockefeller University Press","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["rupress.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interferon (IFN)-\u03b1\/\u03b2 and interleukin (IL)-12 are cytokines critical in defense against viruses, but their cellular sources and mechanisms of regulation for in vivo expression remain poorly characterized. The studies presented here identified a novel subset of dendritic cells (DCs) as major producers of the cytokines during murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) but not lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infections. These DCs differed from those activated by Toxoplasma antigen but were related to plasmacytoid cells, as assessed by their CD8\u03b1+Ly6G\/C+CD11b\u2212 phenotype. Another DC subset (CD8\u03b12Ly6G\/C\u2212CD11b+) also contributed to IL-12 production in MCMV-infected immunocompetent mice, modestly. However, it dramatically increased IL-12 expression in the absence of IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 functions. Conversely, IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 production was greatly reduced under these conditions. Thus, a cross-regulation of DC subset cytokine responses was defined, whereby secretion of type I IFNs by CD8\u03b1+ DCs resulted in responses limiting IL-12 expression by CD11b+ DCs but enhancing overall IFN-\u03b1\/\u03b2 production. Taken together, these data indicate that CD8\u03b1+Ly6G\/C+CD11b\u2212 DCs play important roles in limiting viral replication and regulating immune responses, through cytokine production, in some but not all viral infections. They also illustrate the plasticity of cellular sources for innate cytokines in vivo and provide new insights into the roles of IFNs in shaping immune responses to viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20011672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T12:48:33Z","timestamp":1027687713000},"page":"517-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":380,"title":["Interferon \u03b1\/\u03b2 and Interleukin 12 Responses to Viral Infections"],"prefix":"10.1084","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Dalod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais P.","family":"Salazar-Mather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lene","family":"Malmgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carine","family":"Asselin-Paturel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly F-69571, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francine","family":"Brie\u0300re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly F-69571, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Trinchieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Schering-Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, Dardilly F-69571, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Biron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072511331530000_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(99)80066-6","volume":"2","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr. 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